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Parasitology > Equine- Anoplocephala, Gasterophilus, Musca and Stomoxys > Flashcards

Equine- Anoplocephala, Gasterophilus, Musca and Stomoxys Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cestodes (tapeworms) Characteristics?

A 
Flat body and no alimentary canal
Scolex (holdfast organ)
Body with proglottids
Indirect life cycle
Types of characteristic larval stages
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2
Q

What are Cyclophyllidea?

A

1 intermediate host
Organs of attachment with scolex and suckers
Egg is oncosphere
Dipylidium is the model

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3
Q

What is Anoplocephala perfoliata Identification?

A

Large, white, 4 cm

Rounded scolex with lappet behind each of 4 suckers

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4
Q

What is Anoplocephala magna Identification?

A

Larger, 80 cm (than Anoplocephala perfoliata)

No lappets

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5
Q

What is Anoplocephala perfoliata

Anoplocephala magna Identification?

A

Eggs 50-80 μm
Irregular shape
Contain small embryo

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6
Q

What is Anoplocephala perfoliata

Anoplocephala magna Life cycle?

A

Mature segments pass in feces, disintegrate and release eggs
Ingested by oribatid or forage mites; develop to cysticercoids
Infected mite eaten by horse while grazing
PPP: 1-2 mo

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7
Q

What is Anoplocephala perfoliata

Anoplocephala magna Site(s) of infection?

A

Adult A. perfoliata cecum; ileocecal valve

Adult A. magna in small intestine

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8
Q

What is Anoplocephala perfoliata

Anoplocephala magna Pathogenesis/lesions/clinical signs?

A

Heavy infections of A. perfoliata– ulcerations
Large numbers – ill health
Localize near ileocecal valve –partial occlusion of valve
Intussusception of the terminal ileum and cecum

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9
Q

What is Anoplocephala perfoliata

Anoplocephala magna Diagnosis?

A

Eggs detected with centrifugation and flotation
Sedimentation test
Antigen ELISA

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10
Q

What is Anoplocephala perfoliata

Anoplocephala magna Treatment?

A

Praziquantel

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11
Q

How are G. intestinalis and G. nasalis :Differentiated?

A

based on color and spines

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12
Q

What is Gasterophilus spp. ?

A

Bot fly larvae, bot fly

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13
Q

G. intestinalis?

A

Eggs on forelegs and shoulder

3rd instars in non-glandular part of stomach and cardiac region

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14
Q

G. nasalis

A

Eggs on intermandibular spaces

3rd instars attach around pylorus and duodenum

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15
Q

What is Gasterophilus spp. Life cycle?

A

Egg hatches to 1st instar
G. intestinalis: hatches when licked; attached to tongue / lips
G. nasalis: hatches spontaneously; crawls into mouth
In oral cavity 1st to 2nd instar
Swallowed; develop 3rd instar (site specific); live up to 12 mo
Spring pass in feces, pupate
3-9 wk adult fly

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16
Q

What is Gasterophilus spp. Pathogenesis and lesions?

A

Adult flies an annoyance

Attached instars can provoke an inflammatory reaction

17
Q

What is Gasterophilus spp. Clinical signs?

A

Fly worry

18
Q

What is Gasterophilus spp. Diagnosis?

A

Differentiate based on color, spines and location in host

Seen during gastroscopy

19
Q

What is Gasterophilus spp. Treatment and prevention?

A

Manual removal of eggs

Endoparasiticides for larval stages

20
Q

What is Musca autumnalis Common name?

A

Face fly

21
Q

What is Musca autumnalis Identification?

A

Adults 5.5-7.5 mm
Mouthparts adapted to sponging
Sticky hairs on pad-like structures at end of legs

22
Q

What is Musca autumnalis Life cycle?

A

Typical muscid life cycle

Eggs laid in feces or rotting organic material

23
Q

What is Musca autumnalis Site(s) of infection?

A

Animal secretions and wounds

24
Q

What is Musca autumnalis Pathogenesis and lesions?

A

Source of annoyance (feeds on face secretions)

Mechanical transmission of viruses, bacteria, helminths, protozoa

25
Q

What is Musca autumnalis Clinical signs?

A

Annoyance can interfere with grazing
Annoyance can result in a drop in performance
Can result in eye disorders or conjunctivitis

26
Q

What is Musca autumnalis Diagnosis?

A

Fly identification

27
Q

What is Musca autumnalis Treatment and prevention?

A 
Screens
Sanitation; reduce breeding sites
Various insecticides
Treat horse and environment
DO NOT treat compost
28
Q

What is Stomoxys calcitrans Common name?

A

Stable fly, biting housefly

29
Q

What is Stomoxys calcitrans Hosts?

A

Most animals and humans

30
Q

What is Stomoxys calcitrans Identification?

A

Adults 5.5-7.5 mm
Mouthparts rigid, conspicuous and forward projecting
Sits on walls head up

31
Q

What is Stomoxys calcitrans Life cycle?

A

Egg – Larva – Pupae - Adult
Feeds on blood
Requires 3 minutes to finish its blood meal
Females lay eggs on decaying matter such as damp hay

32
Q

What is Stomoxys calcitrans Site(s) of infection?

A

General

33
Q

What is Stomoxys calcitrans Pathogenesis and lesions?

A

Attack animals, transmit disease organisms

34
Q

What is Stomoxys calcitrans Clinical signs?

A

Increased head and ear movement, skin twitches and tail swishes

35
Q

What is Stomoxys calcitrans Diagnosis?

A

Fly identification

36
Q

What is Stomoxys calcitrans Treatment and prevention?

A 
Screens
Sanitation; reduce breeding sites
Various insecticides
Treat horse and environment
DO NOT treat compost

Parasitology (23 decks)

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