Canine/Feline- Arachnids: Ticks Flashcards
Family Ixodidae is…..
Hard Ticks
Ixodid
Hard Ticks
Ixodes
specific Genus of hard ticks (i.e. Ixodes scapularis)
Time taken to complete Ixodid life cycle depends on
Species of tick
Environmental conditions
Availability of suitable hosts
What are some Ixodids damaging effects?
Suck blood
Lesions from mouthparts predispose for other infections
Transmission of disease
What are Ixodes spp. Hosts?
All mammals and birds, and humans. Larvae and
nymphs of some species feed on mice and adults on deer
What is Ixodes spp. Identification?
Small dark brown (4 mm unfed, 10 mm fed), no
festoons, palps long, inornate scutum.
Anal groove forms an arch anterior to anus
What is Ixodes spp. Life cycle?
Three host tick
Requires adult females to engorge in fall, overwinter and lay eggs in spring. However, when adult females do not find suitable host,
life cycle will take longer to complete
When same delays occur with the other tick stages, development will also take longer, up to 4 yr
What is Ixodes spp. Site(s) of infection?
Skin. All over the body; especially axilla, inguinal region, face and ears
What is Ixodes spp. Pathogenesis and lesions/Clinical signs?
Paralysis in animals
Local skin reactions to bites
Transmits Borrelia burgdorferi (agent of Lyme disease) and Ehrlichia spp.
What is Ixodes spp. Diagnosis?
Engorged females seen easily
What is Ixodes spp. Treatment and prevention?
Several products can be used on hosts. Professional extermination of environment critical
What is Dermacentor spp. common name(s)?
Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick)
D. andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick)
D. albipictus (Winter or elk tick)
D. nitens (Tropical horse tick)
What is Dermacentor spp. Hosts?
Larvae and nymphs feed on small rodents. Adults feed on dogs, large hosts, humans
What is Dermacentor spp. Identification?
Basis capituli rectangular, medium size (unfed 6 mm, fed female 15 mm), short palps, ornate cutum, festoons
What is Dermacentor spp. Life cycle?
Three host tick.
To complete life cycle several takes mo-yr
What is Dermacentor spp. Site(s) of infection?
Skin around head and neck
What is Dermacentor spp. Pathogenesis and lesions/Clinical signs?
Most common tick on dogs in most of North America. Transmits Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF), tularemia, Babesia spp. and
causes tick paralysis in several hosts
What is Dermacentor spp. Diagnosis?
Identification of tick
What is Dermacentor spp. Treatment and prevention?
Several products can be used on hosts. Professional extermination of environment critical
What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus Common Name?
Brown dog tick or kennel tick
What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus Hosts?
Dogs and humans
What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus Identification?
Hexagonal basis capituli, medium size (5 mm unfed and fed females 12 mm), inornate scutum,
short palps, festoons
What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus Life cycle?
Three host tick.
Tick has adapted extremely well to indoor living
What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus Site(s) of infection?
Skin. Adults prefer skin between toes and ears, larvae and nymphs often at the back of neck
What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus Pathogenesis and lesions/Clinical signs?
Most common in southern US. Transmits Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis, transmits many infectious organisms and RMSF, causes tick paralysis?
What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus Diagnosis?
Identification of tick
What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus Treatment and prevention?
Several products can be used on hosts. Professional extermination of environment critical
