Canine/Feline- Giardia, Trypanosoma, Cystoisospora and Toxoplasma Flashcards
What is Giardia intestinalis Hosts?
dogs, cats, cattle………..humans?
What is Giardia intestinalis Identification?
trophozoites- 21 μm
cysts- 12 μm
What is Giardia intestinalis Site(s) of infection?
small intestine
What is Giardia intestinalis Pathogenesis and lesions?
asymptomatic, trophozoites can cause acute focal inflammation
What is Giardia intestinalis Clinical signs?
none, to acute or chronic diarrhea
What is Giardia intestinalis Diagnosis?
fecal smear demonstrates cysts and trophozoites (if feces are unformed); fecal flotation with zinc sulphate; ELISA
What is Giardia intestinalis Treatment and prevention?
parasiticides (benzimidazoles) and hygiene
What is Trypanosoma cruzi Hosts?
Final hosts include dogs, cats, humans
Reservoir hosts are many species, wild and domestic
What is Trypanosoma cruzi Identification?
elongated
trypomastigote in blood smear
What is Trypanosoma cruzi Site(s) of infection?
muscle and blood
What is Trypanosoma cruzi Pathogenesis and lesions/Clinical signs?
acute and chronic cardiac disease. Chagas’ disease. Puppies and kittens most susceptible
What is Trypanosoma cruzi Diagnosis?
trypomastigote in blood smear. Xenodiagnosis or serological tests confirming infected animal
What is Trypanosoma cruzi Treatment and prevention?
no satisfactory treatment known
What is “Coccidiosis”?
infection with Cystoisospora, Isospora and/or Eimeria
Coccidian parasites are members of of what order?
Eucoccidiorida
What is Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis Hosts?
Hosts: final hosts are dogs. Paratenic hosts include rodents
What is Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis Identification?
argest, 50 μm
What is Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis Site(s) of infection?
small intestine
What is Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis Pathogenesis and lesions/Clinical signs?
small intestinal cells destroyed. Diarrhea can be
severe, watery, profuse and bloody. Young dogs susceptible
What is Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis Diagnosis?
oocyst, smaller than ascarid eggs (80-100 μm) and
larger than Sarcocystis spp (18 μm)
What is Cystoisospora (Isospora) canis Treatment and prevention?
management is critical
What is Toxoplasma gondii Hosts?
final host is cat and other felids. Intermediate hosts
include humans, warm blooded animals.
Zoonosis
What is Toxoplasma gondii Identification?
oocysts in fecal examination of cat
What is Toxoplasma gondii Felid infection?
Cats eating infected animals (rodents)
Direct transmission of oocysts
What is Toxoplasma gondii Human infection?
Foodborne
Animal to human
Mother to child
What is Toxoplasma gondii Site(s) of infection
both intestinal and extraintestinal cells (muscle, liver, lung, brain, etc)
What is Toxoplasma gondii Pathogenesis and lesions/Clinical signs?
most animals asymptomatic. Clinical disease
in cat occurs. Depends on organs involved and extent of cells infected. Acute toxoplasmosis. Severe seen with FIV
What is Toxoplasma gondii Diagnosis?
oocysts in cat feces. Serological tests are modified
direct agglutination, ELISA and IFA
Cats develop immunity after initial infection and shed only once in a lifetime – for 1-2 weeks
What is Toxoplasma gondii Treatment and prevention?
Humans should avoid contact with feces from felid host
Humans should avoid undercooked meat from intermediate host
Pregnant women avoid contact with sources of oocysts
Nonsulfonamides and sulfonamides are used
