Epilepsy

Question 1

focal

Answer 1

lacosamide

Question 2

petit mal

Answer 2

ethosuxamide (t subunit of voltage gated ca2+)

Question 3

focal/generalised

Answer 3

lamotrigine/levetiracatem

Question 4

myocolonus

Answer 4

clonazepam/piracatem

Question 5

status epilepticus

Answer 5

immediate diazepam/lorazepam

high dose phenytoin if no result (valproate and levetiracatem)

Question 6

juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 6

sodium valproate

Question 7

interactions with contraception (3)

Answer 7

phenytoin
carbemazepine
lamotrigine

(medroxyprogesterone depot injection every 10 wks
inc dose emergency contraception)

Question 8

non teratogenic (3)

Answer 8

lamotrigine
levetriacatem
carbemazepine

Question 9

diazepam
phenobarbitone
sodium valproate

Answer 9

potentiate gaba at GABAa

Question 10

vigabatrin

Answer 10

inhibit transaminase (reduce gaba breakdown)

Question 11

sodium valproate

Answer 11

potentiate gaba, stop breakdown (SSA dehydrogenase)

Question 12

tiagabine

Answer 12

reduce GABA reuptake

Question 13

perampanel

Answer 13

AMPA antagonist

Question 14

felbamate

Answer 14

NMDA antagonist

Question 15

side effects - reducing glutamate

Answer 15

psychosis, memory impairment, motor function

Question 16

carbemazepine, zonisamide

Answer 16

block voltage gated Na channels

Question 17

gabapentin

Answer 17

pq block of ca2+ channels - block neurotransmitter trafficking to plasma membrane

Question 18

topiramate

Answer 18

block na/ca2+, inc GABA, block ampa (also for migraine)

Question 19

levetiracatem

Answer 19

binds to synaptic vesicle protein 2A

Question 20

felbamate

Answer 20

dec NMDA, inc GABA a

Question 21

retigabine

Answer 21

inc k+ channels, protective against some pain