Epidemiology Flashcards

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1
Q

define epidemiology

A

the study of occurrence of disease in a population

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2
Q

what are the 2 goals for infectious disease epidemiology?

A
  • ID causative agent and its relationship between the host and environment
  • interrupt disease transmission to prevent control or spread
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3
Q

define baseline or endemic level of the disease

A

amount of particular disease that is usually present in a community

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4
Q

define sporadic

A

disease that is infrequent and irregular

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5
Q

define endemic

A

constant presence and/or usual prevalence of an infectious agent in a population w/in a geographic area

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6
Q

define hyperendemic

A

persistent high levels of disease occurrence

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7
Q

Define Epidemic

A

increase (often sudden) number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population

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8
Q

define cluster

A

aggregation of cases grouped in place/time that are suspected to be greater than the number expected

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9
Q

Pandemic

A

an epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large population of people

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10
Q

describe the aims of Epidemiologic Research

A
  1. Describe the health status of a population (Descriptive epidemiology)
  2. assess the public health importance of disease (Descriptive epidemiology)
  3. describe the natural history of disease (Descriptive epidemiology)
  4. explain etiology of disease (Analytic Epidimiology)
  5. predict the disease occurrence (Analytic Epidimiology)
  6. eval. the prevention and control of disease (Analytic Epidimiology)
  7. control the disease distribution (Applied Epidimiology)

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11
Q

explain what descriptive epidemiology deals with.

A
  • Person: age, gender, behavior, immunity
  • place: where is the disease clusters? work, country, climate
  • time: when is the disease occurring? seasonal, long-term disease patterns
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