EP Study Guide Flashcards
Notification of Unusual Event (NUE)
indicate a potential degradation of the level of safety of the plant or indicate a security threat to facility protection has been initiated. No releases of radioactive material
Alert Emergency
- involve an actual or potential substantial degradation of the level of safety of the
plant or a security event that involves probable life threatening risk to site personnel or damage to site
equipment. Any releases of radioactive material for the Alert classification are expected to be limited to
small fractions
Site Area Emergency
major failures of plant functions needed for protection of the public from
radiation or contamination or hostile action that results in intentional damage or malicious acts; (1)
toward site personnel or equipment that could lead to the likely failure of or; (2) prevent effective
access to, equipment needed for the protection of the public. Any releases of radioactive material for
the SAE classification are not expected to exceed EPA PAG exposure levels except near the site
boundary.
General Emergency
actual or imminent substantial core degradation or melting with potential loss of
containment integrity or hostile action that results in an actual loss of physical control of the facility.
Release of radioactive material for the General Emergency classification can reasonably be expected to
exceed EPA PAG exposure levels offsite for more than the immediate site area.
Event/ Notification timeline
From the initiating event, 15 min to declare. From declaring, - 10 min -- plant page - 10 min -- ERO activation - 15 min -- state and local - 15 min -- PARS (General) - 30 min -- Site Accountability ( security) -60 min -- NRC - 75 min -- Activate ERFs (>= Alert) From terminating event, - 15 min -- state & local - immediately after notifying state & local -- notify NRC.
Emergency Response Facilities
Required to be activated within 75 minutes of emergency declaration.
Alternate facilities – TSC is Main Control Room, OSC is Classroom 172 in simulator building
——EOF (Birmingham) has no alternate facility
Facilities manned at Alert and higher i.e.
TSC sets priority for work assignments
OSC briefs workers and tracks personnel sent into field
Facilities manned at Alert and higher
Classification – ERF – ERO
NUE – Control Room Only – Optional
ALERT – Control Room, TSC, OSC, &EOF – Mandatory
Site-Area – Control Room, TSC, OSC, &EOF – Mandatory
GENERAL – Control Room, TSC, OSC, &EOF – Mandatory
Emergency Director
Control Room ED will be the Emergency Director at onset of the event.
o Normally Shift Manager but may be Shift Supervisor
When TSC is activated, TSC ED will relieve Control Room ED
ED has non-delegable duties
o Event classification
o PARs
o Notification of offsite agencies and approval of state, local, and NRC notifications
o Authorization of emergency exposure in excess of federal limits
o Issuance of KI tablets
o Requesting federal assistance
PA Announcements
PA announcements are governed by NMP-EP-142 Forms
o Security must merge the page system
o Separate script for each classification
o Security event announcement scripts are controlled by 34AB-Y22 procedure
o First announcement expected within 10 minutes
o Follow-up announcement every 60 minutes until emergency termination
o Tone optional on Alert and required on Site Area and General
Red light in high noise areas activated when Tone activated
Security informs personnel in areas where Page does not exist
o Non-emergency staff evacuation of PA (Assembly) optional on Alert and required on Site Area and General
o Evacuation of plant site with or without monitoring optional on Alert and required on Site Area and General
Accountability
Security Supervisor Ensures site accountability and access control are maintained. Accountability is due within 30 minutes of declaration of a SAE or higher
Event Classification
Required within 15 minutes of event
Follow Hot or Cold Initiation charts
o Read chart left to right, top to bottom
o Utilize bases document
o Unless modified by a Note (usually note 1) don’t classify early, only classify once you
cross the IC threshold
Do not downgrade a classification, once it goes up, you either stay at that level or you
terminate.
o Termination of anything besides NUE requires offsite concurrence
Met Data
100m tower is primary tower
o Has instrumentation at 10m, 60m, and 100m
o Has Wind Speed/Direction, has temp delta between 10-60 and 10-100m
o Has Dewpoint at 10m
o Has Ambient temp at 10m
o Has Precipitation at ground level
45m tower is backup tower
o Has instrumentation at 10m and 45m
o Does NOT have precipitation measurement or dewpoint
o All other indications are basically the same Wind speed, direction, deta temp, and
ambient temp
Displays can be read at SPDS. Also available at MCR on panel 1H11-P689/690
Protective Actions
Directed by Emergency Director when Site Area or higher classified
o Accountability
o Evacuation
o Habitability
o Emergency Exposure Limits
o KI tablets
o Offsite PARs
Evacuation
Site Evacuation is required on SAE or higher
15-minute wind direction at height of release used to determine evacuation route
10m for Ground and 100m for Elevated Release
Use chart in NMP-EP-144 to determine evacuation route
Rally point and exit point are same terms
Either PESB or Gate 17
Site evacuation without release in progress go either North or South on US1
Site evaluation with release in progress, evacuation route determined by wind direction.
Habitability
Performed by RP and used to ensure personnel do not exceed limits.
Emergency Exposure Limits
If exceeding 10CFR20 Limits, must be approved by ED
Dose Limit – Activity – Condition
5 REM – ALL – N/A
10 REM – Protecting valuable property – Lower dose not practicable
25 REM – Lifesaving or protection of large populations – Lower dose not practicable
>25 to 100 REM – Lifesaving or protection of large populations – Only on a voluntary basis to persons fully aware of the risks involved
KI tablets
Only upon approval by ED
Projection that thyroid will exceed 25 Rem or greater
Offsite PARs
Only developed for General Emergencies
Radiological Fast Breaker
General Emergency is declared and this is the first PARs developed
Loss of containment barrier per EAL
Greater than or equal to containment high range area rad monitor
potential loss EAL threshold crossed (26,000 R/hr) (20% clad damage)
OR significant release > PAG at site boundary in an hour or less
o PAGs = 1 Rem TEDE or 5 Rem CDE Thyroid
o PAG limits are the dose that will be received in a four-hour period
Use PAR development flowchart in NMP-EP-144.
Be cautious of the different PAR determination charts for each plant.
Note the box to continue assessment and expand PAR only to
downwind sector zones where PAGs could be released
Impediments to evacuation includes PUFF release and onsite hostile action
events
Puff Release is a controlled release that is projected to exceed the PAGs
and will be terminated in less than an hour or an uncontrolled release
that was projected to exceed the PAGs and has been terminated. If
duration or magnitude of release is unknown, assume it is not a Puff
Release.
Follow-up PARs are required
Once evacuation PAR is given, it can’t be changed to a shelter PAR
When evaluating follow-up PARs, affected downwind sector zones
SHALL only be added when radiological assessments show EPA PAGs will
be exceeded in that sector or there is a containment barrier challenge.
Follow-up required for wind shifts and during follow up notifications.
