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Biology GCSE (EDEXCEL) > Enzymes > Flashcards

Enzymes Flashcards

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1
Q

What are enzymes made from?

A

Amino acids

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2
Q

What are proteins made from?

A

Amino acids

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3
Q

What are lipids made from?

A

Glycerin and three fatty acids

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4
Q

What are carbohydrates made from

A

Simple sugar
e.g glucose

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5
Q

Lock and key theory

A

Only one substrate fits into and enzymes active site

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6
Q

What enzymes are produced in the salivary glands?

A

Amylase (carbohydrates)

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7
Q

What enzymes are produced in the stomach?

A

Pepsin(protease)

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8
Q

What enzymes are produced in the duodenum?

A

Carbohydrates, lipases and proteases

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9
Q

What enzymes are produced in the pancreas?

A

Carbohydrates, lipases and proteases

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10
Q

Catalyst

A

Something that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

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11
Q

What type of catalysts are enzymes

A

Biological catalysts

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12
Q

Digestion

A

Splitting apart molecules

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13
Q

Synthesis

A

Joining molecules

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14
Q

What factors affect enzymes?

A

Temperature, pH, substrate amount

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15
Q

What is an optimum pH/temperature?

A

The pH/ temperature where enzyme-substrate complex formation is highest

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16
Q

Denaturing the enzyme

A

To change the shape of the active site, so the substrate can no longer bind to the enzyme

17
Q

What 7 substances for a balanced diet include?

A

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, minerals, vitamins, water, fibres

18
Q

What’s is the test for a simple carbohydrate?

A

The Benedict’s test

19
Q

What is the test for complex carbohydrates?

A

Iodine test

20
Q

What is the test for proteins?

A

Biuret’s test

21
Q

What is the test for lipids?

A

Emulsion test

22
Q

What is the formula for rate of reaction?

A

Change in mass/ Change in time

23
Q

How to measure rate of reaction

A
  1. Measure how fast a reactant disappears
  2. Measure how fast a product is made
24
Q

Factors that affect the rate of reaction

A
  1. Temperature
  2. pH
  3. Concentration of substrate
  4. Concentration of enzyme
25
Q

Product of starch

A

Glucose

26
Q

Product of proteins

A

Amino acids

27
Q

Product of lipids

A

Glycerol + 3 fatty acids

Biology GCSE (EDEXCEL) (8 decks)

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