Environmental Influences

Question 1

Lung exposure

Answer 1

Radon gas, solvent vapors

TCE

Question 2

GI exposure

Answer 2

Arsenic
Lead
Methlymercury PCB’s

Question 3

Skin Exposure

Answer 3

Pesticides

Question 4

TORCH

Answer 4

Toxoplasmosis 
Other (Zika) 
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus 
Herpes

Question 5

Rubella

Answer 5

Caused by Torovirus
Rash and flu in kids, limited in adults
The earlier contracted in pregnancy, the worse

Question 6

Congenital Rubella (CRS)

Answer 6

Deafness, congenital heart disease, blindness

Microcephalic, low birth weight, mental retardation

reason for MMR vaccine- BUT NOT DURING PREGNANCY

Question 7

Zika Virus

Answer 7

Flavivirus

Flu like symptoms

Birth defects

Question 8

Congenital Zika Syndrome

Answer 8

Microcephalic
Death
Developmental defects

Question 9

Folate Deficiency

Answer 9

Neural tube defects (spins bifida)
First month is necessary to take supplements
-brought about by smoking, alcohol, dialysis
-drug interactions (anticonvulsants, metformin)

Question 10

Folic acid deficiency

Answer 10

Spins bifida occulta, anencephaly (lack of brain/head)

Question 11

Fetal Alcohol syndrome

Answer 11

4/5 drinks a day

Question 12

Thalidomide

Answer 12

Point source epidemic

Arrested development of critical blood vessels

Question 13

Diethylstilbesterol (DES)

Answer 13

Non-steroidal estrogen

Vaginal cancer in female offspring -adenocarcinoma

Question 14

Fetal Origins of adult disease

Answer 14

Low birth site predicts obesity

Intrauterine growth retardation predicts hypertension

Question 15

Methylmercury poisoning

Answer 15

Mothers who eat too much fish

Retarded babies with birth defects

Salmon good, tuna bad

Question 16

Blood lead standard

Answer 16

> 5ug/dl prompts public action but there is no safe level
Less than this amount has shown cognitive defects

Children

Question 17

Pesticides

Answer 17

OP’s inhibit AChase- ACh builds up and inhibits cell growth

Prenatal exposure is very bad for development, ADHD, lower IQ