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Respiratory II Exam 1 > ENT Pathology II > Flashcards

ENT Pathology II Flashcards

1
Q

with any infection

A

tonsils swell

-lymphoid hyperplasia

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2
Q

tonsils

A

rarely cause blockage

adenoid *superior
-can cause obstruction

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3
Q

waldeyers ring

A

palatine tonsils
tubal tonsis
adenoids
lingual tonsils

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4
Q

sleep apnea

A

can occur secondary to lymphoid hyperplasia

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5
Q

recurrent otitis media

A

can occur secondary to lymphoid hyperplasia

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6
Q

difficult to arouse, sleepy, poor attention, snoring

A

sleep apnea

can be secondary to lymphoid hyperplasia

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7
Q

whooping cough

A

bordetella pertussis

PCR testing best

Tx - antibiotic

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8
Q

small gram - coccobacilli

A

bordetella pertussis

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9
Q

DTaP

A

vaccine

  • diptheria
  • tetanus
  • acellular pertussis
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10
Q

stage 1 whooping cough

A

catarrhal phase

  • like UR infection
  • nasal congestions, rhinorrhea, sneezing

**pt most infectious in catarrhal phase

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11
Q

stage 2 whooping cough

A

paroxysmal phase

  • posttussive vomiting
  • coughing followed by loud whoop

infants - no whoop - just apneic episodes

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12
Q

stage 3 whooping cough

A

convalescent phase

-chronic cough lasting weeks

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13
Q

nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

three types

  • keratinizing
  • nonkeratinizing
  • undifferentiated

EBV related

EBER positive

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14
Q

EBER positive

A

nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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15
Q

africa

A

nasopharyngeal carcinoma common in children

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16
Q

south china

A

nasopharyngeal carcinoma common in adults

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17
Q

keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

squamous cell carcinoma

18
Q

nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

squamous cell carcinoma

19
Q

undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

with lymphoid component

best prognosis
EBV related
EBER positive

20
Q

acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis

A

most secondary to viruses

adenovirus ds-DNA

21
Q

5-15yo, sore throat, fever, strawberry tongue, petechiae on palate, erythematous pharynx, HA, N/V, tender cervical nodes, enlarged tonsils

A

group A streptococcus

22
Q

cough coryza, hoarseness, conjunctivitis

A

suggest virus

23
Q

filament, anaerobe, gram negative rod

A

fusobacterium necrophorum

common bacterial cause of pharyngitis

24
Q

lemierre syndrome

A

pharyngeal abscess with thrombi that break off

secondary jugular vein thrombophlebitis

possibly from fusobacterium necrophorum

25
Q

corynbacterium diptheriae

A

non-spore forming gram-positive rod

-carries tox gene

26
Q

exudative pharyngitis that gets worse with pseudomembrane formation

A

diptheria

27
Q

rhinovirus

A

indirect pharyngitis

nasal mucous membrane growth an cause swelling of membranes in areas of pharynx

28
Q

adenovirus

A

pharyngoconjunctival fever

fever, sore throat, pink eye

29
Q

conjunctivitis

A

pink eye

30
Q

monospot test

A

for infectious mononucleosis
-EBV infection

pharyngitis, tonsillitis, lymphadenitis, hepatosplenomegaly

31
Q

influenza

A

pharyngitis

32
Q

CMV and HIV

A

like mono - but monospot negative

33
Q

epiglottitis

A

dangerous - airway obstruction

airflow resistance to power of 5

main cause - H. influenza

34
Q

pleomorphic gram negative coccobacilli in upper airways

A

haem influenza

35
Q

acute laryngitis

A

less than 3 weeks

36
Q

hoarseness, decreased vocal volume, pain with speech

A

laryngitis

often 3-5yo and 18-40yo

37
Q

laryngitis

A

abrupt onset - less than 3 week duration

aphonia - progressive hoarseness

viruses main cause - rhinovirus, parainfluenza, RSV, adenovirus

38
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis

A

croup

aka laryngotracheitis

39
Q

insipratory stridor and seal like bark

A

croup

-parainfluenza

40
Q

croup

A

inflammation in subglottic larynx and trachea around cricoid cartilage

Tx - short term steroids and reduce inflammation

41
Q

steeple sign

A

or bottle sign
-in croup

narrowing of subglottic airway

42
Q

reinke edema

A

vocal cords edematous

aka polypoid corditis

middle age females who are heavy smokers

reversible

Respiratory II Exam 1 (11 decks)

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