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B787 > Engines > Flashcards

Engines Flashcards

1
Q

What type engine:

B787-9

B787-8

A

B787-9 GEnx-1B74/75 engines rated at 74,100 lbs thrust each

B787-8 GEnx-1B70 engines
rated at 69,800 lbs thrust each

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2
Q

Is it normal for the EICAS to display an EGT amber difference between engines?

A

Yes…in the event of engine replacement, the new engine may be derated to match the installed engine

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3
Q

What is the indication for loss of engine data?

Is there an associated EICAS message?

A

The associated engine indication blanks

There is no EICAS message

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4
Q

When is the reference/target N1 displayed in magenta?

A

Target N1 commanded by FMC when:

VNAV is engaged and A/T in THR or THR REF

OR

AT not engaged

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5
Q

When is commanded N1 sector filled in amber?

A

A difference between engine N1 and commanded N1 exists and engine N1 is not closing toward commanded N1

ENG THRUST EICAS displayed

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6
Q

When reverse thrust is activated, the following N1 indications are not displayed:

A

Maximum N1 line

Commanded N1

Reference/Target N1 indications

Reference N1

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7
Q

Red line on EGT gauge?

A

Maximum takeoff EGT

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8
Q

Amber line on EGT gauge?

A

Normal maximum continuous EGT limit

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9
Q

EGT indication in white?

In amber?
Time limits?

In red?

A

White=operating in normal band

Amber=max continuous limit reached
Inhibited for 5 min during takeoff and go around
Inhibited for 10 minutes during single engine operations

Red=max start or takeoff limit is reached

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10
Q

When is engine start limit line displayed?

A

Engine fire switch is IN and:

FUEL CONTROL switch in CUTOFF

OR

N2 RPM below idle

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11
Q

Can you cancel des EGT box color?

A

Yes…can be canceled to white or recalled to red by pressing the CANCL/RCL switch on the display panel

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12
Q

Green ICA indication on N1 gauge?

A

Ice Crystal Anti-Ice function

Automatic feature providing protection against ice crystal icing

Activates only above 30,000 feet and will activate for at least 30 minutes

Continues in 15 minute increments as conditions warrant

Will terminate as aircraft descends below 28,500 feet

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13
Q

Inflight start envelope?

A

Displayed in magenta

Only displayed when:

Respective fire handle in and

Either the engine’s FUEL CONTROL is in CUTOFF

OR

Engine N2 RPM below IDLE

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14
Q

Secondary engine indications display automatically when: (7)

A

Initially receive power

FUEL CONTROL -> CUTOFF in flight

Engine fire switch pulled in flight

Secondary engine parameter is exceeded

N2 RPM below idle in flight

Start selector is in START

FUEL FLOW ENG L/R advisory

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15
Q

If secondary indications have been automatically displayed, how can they be cleared?

A

Only by resolving the issue, then pushing the ENG display switch

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16
Q

Green RUNNING indication atop N2 gauge?

A

Fuel control switch in RUN position and the engine is at or above idle

Will blank 30 seconds after engine reaches idle

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17
Q

White AUTOSTART indication on N2 gauge?

A

EEC in autostart mode

Will blank when system no longer attempting an engine start

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18
Q

AUTORELIGHT on N2 gauge?

A

EEC is in auto-relight mode

Will blank when EEC is no longer attempting an auto-relight

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19
Q

What is the green idle target indication on N2 gauge?

A

Approximate RPM where the engine can maintain self-sustained running operation

Fuel control must be in RUN position and engine below idle

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20
Q

Magenta X-START indication below N2 gauge?

A

Current altitude and airspeed are outside of the windmilling start envelope

Starter assist is recommended for an inflight start

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21
Q

OIL PRESS amber band?

A

Indicates the caution range and is only displayed on the ground below 80 knots

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22
Q

OIL PRESS red line?

A

Oil pressure operating limit

Vertical position of red line will vary with N2 RPM

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23
Q

OIL QTY indication?

A

Usable oil quantity in quarts

White numbers on black background for normal quantity

Black numbers on white background for low quantity

LO displayed in white when low

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24
Q

Engine VIB display?

A

Normal is white numbers on a black background

If high vibration, displayed as black numbers on a white background

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25
Q

If vibration source unknown?

A

BB displayed and the number refers to the average vibration

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26
Q

Engine VIB high band?

A

Level at which automatic display of the secondary engine indications will occur

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27
Q

Briefly describe the EECs

A

Each engine controlled by a separate full authority EEC

The EECs monitor thrust lever position to automatically control the engines

The EECs use N1 to set thrust and operate in normal or alternate modes

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28
Q

How are the EECs powered?

A

During the engine start, the EECs are powered by aircraft power

At a certain RPM the Permanent Magnetic Alternators (PMAs) are able to provide sufficient power

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29
Q

EEC Normal Mode?

A

EEC sets N1 according to thrust lever position

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30
Q

EEC switch in ALTN?

A

EEC switch is OFF, EEC switch sets thrust using N1 RPM as the controlling parameter

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31
Q

Alternate modes of the EEC?

What will make the EEC automatically shift to alternate mode?

A

The alternate mode operates in either soft (automatic) or hard (manually selected) mode

The EEC will shift to soft alternate if required signals to operate in normal mode are lost

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32
Q

NORM and ALTN both illuminated in EEC switch?

A

Soft alternate mode

At a fixed thrust lever position, the thrust will not change

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33
Q

ALTN (amber) in EEC switch

A

Hard alternate mode selected manually by pressing EEC switch

Thrust may change to set the commanded N1 when ALTN is manually selected

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34
Q

Will the autothrottles remain engaged in either alternate EEC modes?

A

Yes, in both

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35
Q

How does switching between normal and alternate mode affect thrust level?

A

Alternate mode will provide equal or greater thrust than the normal mode for the same thrust lever position

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36
Q

Thrust protection in alternate EEC mode?

A

No. Max rated thrust is reached at less than full forward thrust lever position. Overboost is therefore a possibility

In this case, ENG LIMIT PROT L/R EICAS will appear

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37
Q

Are N1 and N2 overspeed protection available in alternate mode?

A

Yes

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38
Q

Where is ALTN mode overspeed protection located?

How does it work?

What happens if RPM limiting fails and overspeed condition persists?

A

The overspeed protection is provided on the N2 shaft. N1 protection is indirect, from the N2 location.

As the N2 approaches the red line limit, the EEC will command a reduced fuel flow

If the RPM limiter fails, the EEC will close the fuel valve and shut down the engine

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39
Q

ENG RPM LIMITED L/R?

ENG LIMIT EXCEED?

A

RPM limiting in effect

The RPM red line limit has been exceeded

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40
Q

Is there a provision to overboost the engines?

A

Yes, advancing the engine thrust levers to full forward in alternate mode provides some over boost

Only to be considered in emergency situations when all other options failed and terrain contact is imminent

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41
Q

What is thrust ramping?

Is it available in ALTN mode?

A

EEC slowly increases thrust up to takeoff seeding, to compensate for high stress loads on fan blades due to crosswinds and low ground speed

No

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42
Q

Thrust control malfunction accommodation?

A

On ground, EEC shuts down engine if thrust lever is at idle and the engine is not decelerating normally

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43
Q

What is Thrust Assymetry Protection (TAP)?

A

Provides assymetric thrust protection during takeoff or go around by limiting thrust on the higher thrust engine

Also available in alternate mode of the EEC

44
Q

How does TAP work?

A

Reduces thrust on operating engine, ensuring there is enough rudder for directional control

Reduces thrust when airspeed drops below V2 on a takeoff or below VREF on a go-around

Will increase the thrust again once airspeed has increased

45
Q

Does TAP only function at speeds below VREF on go-around?

A

Only exception is during a light weight go-around at weights < 335,000#. TAP will reduce thrust slightly right at VREF

46
Q

Does TAP degrade aircraft performance when operating?

A

No. The climb gradient actually increases when TAP is active, because the additional thrust assymetry increases drag

47
Q

Do the thrust levers move during TAP operation?

A

No. The N1 tic marks decrease, but the thrust lever stays constant

48
Q

THRUST ASYM PROT EICAS?

A

Thrust Asymmetry Protection function is inoperative

49
Q

What is the transient bleed system?

A

Unloads the compressor during engine acceleration for increased engine stall margin

50
Q

What is the TBV?

A

Transient Bleed Valve

A fuel operated valve controlled by the EEC, based on N2 speed

Unloads the compressor during acceleration to increase stall margin

51
Q

ENG TBV CLOSED L/R

A

The TBV fails to open when commanded

52
Q

ENG TBV OPEN L/R EICAS?

A

TBV remains open when commanded to close

Occurs on the ground below 80 kts

Accompanied by ENG TBV OPEN L/R status message

53
Q

If the TBV fails to open prior to thrust reverser deployment?

If it fails to open during thrust reverser deployment?

A

The associated thrust reverser will be inhibited

The associated thrust reverser will be limited to idle

54
Q

ENG REV LIMITED L/R?

A

The associated TBV has failed to open during reverser operations

55
Q

What could happen if TBV fails in OPEN position?

A

May lead to an EGT exceedance and associated flight deck alerts

56
Q

When is approach idle commanded?

A

Selected inflight when flaps 25 or greater

OR

Landing gear selected down

57
Q

When is icing idle commanded?

A

When engine anti-ice is on

58
Q

ICI function?

A

Ice Crystal Icing

The EEC contains a function to accommodate for ICI conditions

It will operate for at least 30 minutes and then 15 minute additions if ice crystals conditions still exist

59
Q

Where is ICI function commanded?

A

Only above 30,000 feet

Turns off descending through 28,500 feet

60
Q

At cruise levels above 30,000 feet and the engines seem to be fluctuating a bit. Is this normal on a 787-9?

A

Yes, it could be the ICI function of the 787-9 EEC. Each EEC ICI function independently changes engine parameters, so the engines might fluctuate independently

61
Q

What is the power requirement for simultaneous engine start?

A

APU must be running with both APU generators operational. If power is inadequate, the second command start will be ignored

62
Q

Load shedding during engine start

Is there load shedding during every start?

How do you view load shedded systems?

A

Yes, loads shed during every engine start.

Items can be viewed on their respective synoptic, as well as a majority of items spread on the electrical synoptic

63
Q

ENG STARTERS L/R EICAS?

A

Both starters on the respective engine have failed

64
Q

When is a red maximum start limit line indicated on the EGT gauge?

A

FUEL CONTROL switch moved to CUTOFF

The engine N2 RPM is below idle and the respective fire switch is not pulled

65
Q

How do you initiate the autostart sequence?

A

Rotate the L START selector to START

Move the L FUEL CONTROL switch to RUN

Rotate the R START selector to START

Move the R FUEL CONTROL switch to RUN

66
Q

During a ground start, what errors does the autostart monitor and correct for?

A

Compressor stall

High EGT

Hot start

Hung start

Loss of one starter

No EGT riSe

Start time exceeded

67
Q

On the ground, the EEC will outright abort an autostart for (3 items):

What will be the indication?

A

Loss of both starters

No N1 rotation

No oil pressure rise

Indication is ENG AUTOSTART EICAS

68
Q

On the ground, If EEC unable to correct for ___ ____ or ____ ______, the EEC will cancel the autostart.

_______ ________will be displayed

A

Hung start

Compressor stall

ENG AUTOSTART (L/R)

69
Q

What is the ground limit for engine start attempts?

A

The EEC will limit it to three start attempts

70
Q

In flight, will the EEC abort start attempts?

A

No. It will temporarily discontinue a start, or take corrective action, but it will not abort a start

71
Q

In flight, what will the EEC discontinue the start temporarily for?

A

If a preset EGT between start EGT and takeoff EGT is reached

A hung start is detected

72
Q

When is the inflight start envelope information displayed on the EICAS?

A

An engine is not running (N2 is below idle)

An engine is shutdown in flight and the engine fire switch is not pulled

73
Q

What does the inflight start envelope indicate?

A

The airspeed range necessary to ensure an inflight start at the indicated flight level

74
Q

What prompts the secondary engine indications to be displayed automatically in flight?

A

Engine is not running (N2 below idle)

OR

FUEL CONTROL switch moved to CUTOFF

75
Q

Magenta X-START below N2 indication?

A

X-START is the starter assist indication

Airspeed is below that for a windmilling start

76
Q

Autostart will continuously attempt inflight starts until:

A

The engine starts

Pilot aborts by placing FUEL CONTROL switch in CUTOFF (and placing START switch in NORMAL if starter assisted attempt)

77
Q

How many igniters are in each engine?

How many fire during inflight starts?

How are they powered?

What is the backup power source?

A

There are 2 igniters in each engine
The EEC controls which ignited

Both igniters fire during an inflight start

Normally powered by DC power

Backup power is standby power

78
Q

When does auto-relight system activate?

A

Anytime on the ground or in flight whenever an engine is at or below idle with FUEL CONTROL switch in RUN

79
Q

What scenarios will the EEC automatically switch on both igniters?

A

Engine flameout

Engine rollback

Igniters switch off when RPM back at idle

80
Q

What happens in event of sub-idle engine stall?

A

Fuel is shut off for one second

Fuel schedule then reduced to help engine return to idle

At idle, fuel schedule returns to normal

81
Q

When is fuel spar valve open?

A

When fire switch is in and either

START selector in START

OR

FUEL CONTROL switch in RUN

82
Q

When is Engine Fuel Valve open?

A

When commanded by EEC, provided the Engine Fire Switch is in and the Fuel Control Switch is in RUN

83
Q

Are there crew procedures based on low oil quantity?

A

No. There is no minimum oil quantity limit

84
Q

Low oil quantity display?

A

Will cause automatic secondary engine display

Will show reverse indication: black numbers on a white background

85
Q

Can thrust reverser be deployed without engine running?

A

No. Requirements are:

Engine has to be running

Aircraft must be on ground

86
Q

What ancillary actions are caused by pulling up the thrust reverser?

A

The autothrottle disengages

The auto speed brakes deploy

87
Q

REV in amber?

In green?

A

REV (amber) indicates the thrust reversers are in transit

REV (green) indicates the thrust reversers are fully deployed

88
Q

ENG REV LIMITED L/R?

A

Reverser cannot deploy when commanded

OR

Can only deploy with reverse limited to idle

89
Q

ENG REVERSER L/R

A

Only displayed on ground,

Indicates system fault

90
Q

ENG REV AIR/GND

A

Air/ground logic that prevents inflight reverser deployment has failed

91
Q

ENG REV COMMANDED L/R

A

In flight and associated reverse lever not in down position

92
Q

When a vibration value of ____ units is reached, the secondary engine parameters are automatically displayed

A

4 units

93
Q

Engine failure alert system?

What is the indication?

A

Provides alerts when actual engine performance is less than commanded during all phases of flight

Red ENG FAIL on both PFDs and HUDs

Voice annunciation: “ENGINE FAIL”

Master Warning lights

94
Q

What are the takeoff speed parameters for the engine failure alert system?

A

Airspeed between 65 kts and 6 kts prior to V1

95
Q

ENG FAIL L/R EICAS?

A

An engine unexpectedly decelerated to less than idle speed

Message will remain until engine recovers or FUEL CONTROL to CUTOFF

96
Q

ENG THRUST L/R

A

Engine is producing less than commanded thrust and actual thrust is not increasing

Engine is producing more than commanded thrust and actual thrust is not decreasing

Current airspeed greater than V1-6 knots

Accompanied by master caution light and aural chime

97
Q

Is there a manual start option for the engines?

A

No. Only autostart.

98
Q

What provides engine rotation during start?

A

The two starter/generators are energized and drive the N2 shaft through the accessory gearbox

99
Q

The START selectors control:

A

They control the starter motors

100
Q

The FUEL CONTROL switches control:

A

They control the ignition and the fuel flow during start

101
Q

Simultaneous engine start is only possible with:

A

Both APU generators on line

102
Q

When doing a simultaneous engine start, how long should one delay in selecting the second START selector to STATT?

A

Minimum of five seconds

103
Q

What indications on EGT and N2 gauges during engine start?

A

A red start limit line is indicated on the EGT gauge while N2 is below idle

White AUTOSTART is indicated above the N2 value until engine is at idle, when it changes to a green RUNNING indication, lasting 30 seconds

104
Q

ENG STARTERS L/R EICAS?

A

Both starters on an engine failed

105
Q

THRUST ASYM PROT EICAS?

A

TAP is inoperative

106
Q

When N1, N2 or EGT exceeded, what are the indications when return to normal range?

A

Only the box remains red

The red box can be cancelled by pressing the CAC/RCL switch on a DSP

(It can also be recalled by pressing the switch again)

B787 (22 decks)

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