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B787 > Autoflight > Flashcards

Autoflight Flashcards

1
Q

PFCs?

A

Primary Flight Control computers

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2
Q

On e LOC and G/S have been captured, can only be disengaged by:

A

Disconnecting the A/P and turning both FDS off

Engaging G/A

If above 1,500 RA, by reselecting APP (roll and pitch will revert to default modes)

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3
Q

If both FDs off, and A/P is selected, the autopilot engages in:

A

HDG HOLD or TRK HOLD as the roll mode or if the bank angle is > 5 degrees, ATT HOLD, HDG HOLD or TRK HOLD as the roll mode and V/S or FPA as the pitch mode

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4
Q

How can the autopilot be disengaged?

A

By selecting autopilot disengage switch on control yoke

MCP A/P DISENGAGE bar

Overriding autopilot with the control column, the control wheel or rudder pedals (pedals will only disengage the autopilots with LAND 2 or LAND 3 annunciated)

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5
Q

What are the indications the autopilot is operating in a degraded mode?

A

By a line drawn through the affected FMA on both PFD and HUD

Respective FD bar is removed from PFD and the flight guidance cue is removed from the HUD display

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6
Q

If AFDS detects the ILS signal is interfered with by service vehicle or other aircraft, describe AFDS actions?

A

The autopilot disregards the ILS signal. The autopilot will remain engaged in an attitude stabilizing mode based on inertial data.

There will be no annunciation. If the erroneous signal persists, the AFDS enters degraded mode

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7
Q

In flight, with A/P disengaged and both FDs off, the first FD switch to ON engages the flight director in:

A

HDG HOLD or TRK HOLD
or, if bank angle >5 degrees, ATT HOLD

and

V/S or FPA as pitch mode

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8
Q

In flight with the A/P on and the FDs off, the first FD switch engages in what?

A

Engages the FD in the currently selected autopilot mode(s).

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9
Q

Pulling down on A/P DISENGAGE bar:

A

Disengages all autopilots

Displays AUTOPILOT DISC EICAS

Sounds aural warning

Illuminates the master WARNING lights

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10
Q

If A/P DISENGAGE bar pulled down in manual flight:

A

Prevents autopilot engagement

Generates NO AUTOLAND EICAS

Disables bank angle protection

Exposes black and amber stripes

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11
Q

What does the upper line of the IAS/MACH window display?

What does the lower line display?

A

The upper line displays the speed selected by the IAS/MACH selector

The lower line displays the up linked
ATC speed clearance

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12
Q

When changing from TO/GA to

V/S, what does the IAS/MACH window display?

A

Flap placard speed minus 5 kts

250 kts (flaps up)

The speed value entered in the window before TO/GA was pushed

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13
Q

What is the minimum Mach number that can be entered in the IAS/MACH window?

The maximum?

A

.40 MACH

.95 MACH

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14
Q

What is the VSD?

A

Vertical Situation Display

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15
Q

What is the green dot on the VSD?

A

Range to target speed

Aircraft will reach selected speed at that point

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16
Q

At what points does the IAS/MACH display switch between IAS and MACH?

A

During a climb at .84 MACH

During descent at 310 KIAS

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17
Q

What does pushing the speed selector knob accomplish?

A

Alternately opens or closes the IAS/MACH window. (Equivalent to Speed Intervene)

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18
Q

What does pressing the XFR button accomplish?

If upper line is blank?

Lower line after pressed?

A

Transfers the IAS or MACH value from the lower line to the upper line

If upper line was blank it will open to up linked value

After transfer, lower line will be blank

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19
Q

What does the datalink ACPT switch accomplish?

Immediate clearance

A

Displays the clearance IAS or MACH value in the lower line of the IAS/MACH window

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20
Q

What does “UL” in the IAS/MACH window indicate?

A

Up Linked

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21
Q

What does the datalink ACPT accomplish?

Conditional clearance

A

It will automatically display the clearance IAS or MACH number in the lower line, but only after the condition contained in the clearance is met

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22
Q

What does FAIL OPERATIONAL mean?

A

It means that a single fault cannot prevent the autopilot system from making an automatic landing

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23
Q

What does LAND 3 indicate?

A

The AFDS is currently fail operational

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24
Q

What does FAIL PASSIVE mean?

A

A single fault cannot cause a significant deviation from the flight path

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25
Q

What does LAND 2 signify?

A

AFDS is fail passive: a single fault cannot cause a significant deviation from the flight path

NO LAND 3 will be displayed on the EICAS

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26
Q

What does NO AUTOLAND signify?

A

AFDS is unable to make an automatic landing

Down to single channel status during an Autoland

OR

LAND 3 or LAND 2 has not been annunciated by 300 feet AGL

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27
Q

When are changes to autoland status inhibited?

A

Below 200 feet.

If LAND 3 or LAND 2 change to NO AUTOLAND, autopilot will disconnect, no change to FMAs

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28
Q

From left to right, the FMAs display:

A

Auto throttle
Roll
Pitch

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29
Q

THR in autothrottle FMA?

A

Autothrottle is applying thrust to maintain the vertical speed required by the pitch mode

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30
Q

THR REF in the autothrottle FMA?

A

Thrust is set to the selected thrust limit displayed on the EICAS

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31
Q

IDLE in autothrottle FMA?

A

Autothrottle moving the thrust levers to idle

Followed by HOLD mode

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32
Q

HOLD mode on autothrottle FMA?

A

Thrust lever autothrottle servers are inhibited.

Pilot is able to set the thrust manually

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33
Q

SPD FMA?

A

Autothrottle is maintaining the speed annunciated on the PFD and HUD.

Speed can be selected by the MCP IAS/MACH control or by the FMC CLB CRUZ OR DESC pages

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34
Q

L SPD?

A

If only one thrust lever is engaged, L or R will be displayed in front of SPD for the engaged thrust lever

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35
Q

When will LNAV engage?

A

When the aircraft is above 50 feet RA and within 2.5 nm of course, or greater than 2.5 nm when the aircraft is on an intercept heading

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36
Q

FMC INTERCEPT HDG EICAS message?

A

LNAV is armed, but the aircraft is not on a heading that will intercept the active leg

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37
Q

When does LNAV engage during a Go Around?

How is LNAV disengaged?

A

LNAV engages at 50 feet RA with FD only

OR

LNAV engages at 200 feet RA with the autopilot engaged

LNAV is disengaged by engaging any other roll mode or by disengaging the autopilot and turning both FDs off

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38
Q

Pressing the CLB/CONT switch?

When is it operative?

Two engine vs. one engine?

A

The switch is inoperative on the ground and below 400 ft during takeoff

With two engines operating, changes the thrust limit to FMC selected climb thrust

With one engine operating, changes thrust limit to maximum continuous thrust

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39
Q

What does the upper line of the HDG/TRK window display?

The lower line?

When power first applied to the aircraft?

A

Displays the heading or track selected by the HDG/TRK selector.

The lower line displays up linked ATC heading or track

When power first applied, the window will display 360 on the upper line and the lower line will be blank

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40
Q

When is the heading/track ATC uplink function enabled?

A

When the upper window and the up linked clearances are both heading values or both track values

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41
Q

What does the XFR switch do on the HDG/TRK panel?

A

Transfers the value from the lower line (uplinked value) to the upper line. Clearance is removed from the lower line by pushing the CANC switch on the datalink panel

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42
Q

What does UL R 250 on the HDG/TRK lower window signify?

A

Uplinked clearance is turn right to heading/track of 250.

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43
Q

HOLD switch on HDG/TRK panel?

A

Selects HDG HOLD or TRK HOLD as the roll mode

Displays HDG HOLD or TRK HOLD on the PFD and HUD FMAs

Commands wings level and holds the heading or track established when the wings are level

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44
Q

If FD or AP is turned on and no roll mode has been selected:

A

If bank angle < 5 degrees, the AFDS will return to wings level and the FMAs will display HDG HOLD or TRK HOLD

If bank angle > 5 degrees, the FMAs will display ATT and the AFDS will hold a bank angle between 5 and 30 degrees

If the bank angle was > 30 degrees, the AFDS will return the aircraft to 30 degrees of bank

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45
Q

When will the AFDS capture the LOC?

A

When the LOC is within range and within 120 degrees of the LOC track

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46
Q

How to arm the FAC?

A

Will be armed when the LOC/FAC switch has been pressed

The AFDS will capture the IAN (Integrated Approach Navigation) final approach course

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47
Q

How do you disarm the LOC/FAC mode after capture?

A

Select a roll mode other than LNAV

Push TO/GA

PUSH APP switch

Disengage the autopilot and turn both FDs off

If only on FD, engage an autopilot

48
Q

What is the LOC/FAC angle limit for intercept?

What is the GS/GP angle limit?

A

Intercept angle must be within 120 degrees of localizer course

Intercept track angle must be within 80 degrees of localizer course

49
Q

On ground, there are two methods of displaying TO/GA mode….

A

Selecting the FD switches ON

If airspeed is greater than 80 knots, pressing a TO/GA switch will display FD bars

50
Q

When does TO/GA mode arm in flight?

A

When flaps are moved out of UP position

OR

When G/S is captured on approach

TO/GA ARMED will not be displayed in either of these scenarios

51
Q

What is the AFDS pitch logic on takeoff?

A

AFDS commands a pitch attitude to maintain:

Target airspeed of V2+15 or the airspeed at rotation (pitch at 2 degrees) + 15 knots, whichever is greater.

If current airspeed remains above target speed for 5 sec, target airspeed is reset to the lesser of current airspeed or V2+25

52
Q

If the airspeed in the IAS/MACH window is preselected before takeoff to a speed greater than target speed?

A

The AFDS uses the speed set in the IAS/MACH window for V2

53
Q

What is the commanded speed on a go around?

A

Commanded speed will be the higher of the speed in the MCP IAS/MACH window or the current airspeed (to a maximum of window speed +25 kts.

54
Q

When will VNAV engage after takeoff?

A

400 feet

55
Q

PERF/VNAV NOT AVAILABLE in the CDU help window?

A

VNAV is selected and the FMC has insufficient guidance, e.g. no gross weight or no end of descent point

56
Q

VNAV SPD?

A

AFDS commands pitch to hold the target airspeed

Autothrottle will be in THR REF, THR, IDLE or HOKD as required by phase of flight

57
Q

VNAV PTH?

A

AFDS is maintaining FMC altitude or descent path with pitch commands

In climb or cruise, autothrottle operates in SPD. For descent, autothrottle operates in IDLE, HOLD or SPD

58
Q

If VNAV is selected for a descent but the window displays an altitude above the current altitude?

Or Skelettes for a climb but the altitude in the window is below?

A

The autopilot will maintain the altitude at which VNAV was selected

59
Q

VNAV ALT?

A

There is a difference between the VNAV profile and the MCP selected altitude

60
Q

If within 50 miles of the TOD an early descent may be made by:

A

Set a lower altitude and push the altitude selector. The aircraft will enter VNAV SPD and the thrust changed to THR. When the aircraft intercepts the path, VNAV SPD changes to VNAV PTH and the thrust mode changes to IDLE

61
Q

To disengage VNAV:

A

Engage TO/GA, FLCH SPD, V/S, FPA, ALT or G/S

If a dual FMC failure (VNAV functionality is still available)

If all 3 FMCS fail

62
Q

FLCH SPD mode….

The AFDS will attempt to reach the MCP selected altitude within…

A

2 minutes if able

If not, A/T used IDLE or CLB thrust to reach the MCP altitude

63
Q

When FLCH SPD is selected, what target climb / descent rate does the AFDS use?

A

The A/T advances or retards the thrust levers to provide 500fpm for each 1000 feet of altitude change

64
Q

When is the ALT FMA displayed?

A

If the MCP altitude HOLD button is pushed

OR

Altitude has been captured from V/S, FPA or FLCH

65
Q

G/P FMA?

A

Displayed when the AFDS is following the FMC glide path

66
Q

FLARE armed FMA?

A

Displayed during autoland when the aircraft is descending through 1,500 feet RA

67
Q

FLARE is engaged when?

A

Between 60 and 40 feet RA

68
Q

Can the autothrottles be used for a manual landing?

A

Yes, and the autothrottle a rescue to idle at 25 feet RA

69
Q

With the A/T armed, the autothrottle will automatically activate if:

A

No autopilot or FD is active

An autopilot of FD is in VNAV SPD, VNAV PTH, VNAV ALT, FPA, ALT, V/S, G/S or G/P

Speed is less than FMC calculated value for 1 second

Thrust below reference thrust

Aircraft is above 100 ft RA on an approach, or barometric altitude is 400 feet above airport on takeoff

70
Q

How does the autothrottle support stall protection if it’s disconnected but armed?

A

As the speed decreases to near stick shaker, the autothrottle connects in SPD mode and advances the thrust to maintain the minimum maneuvering speed (top of amber band) or the speed in the IAS window, whichever is greater

AIRSPEED LOW EICAS will be displayed

71
Q

What does AUTOTHROTTLE L indicate?

A

The right autothrottle servo has failed. In this case, the autothrottle FMA would read L SPD, indicating only the left autothrottle is active in speed mode

72
Q

When does autothrottle disconnect on landing?

A

If the pilot overrides the autothrottle after the throttles begin to retard.

When either reverse levers raised to reverse idle upon landing.

In both cases, the EICAS and aural alert are inhibited

73
Q

By what speed must a TO/GA switch be pressed on takeoff?

If it is not pressed by then?

A

By 50 knots

Otherwise, the autothrottles will not be available until 400 feet

74
Q

What happens if either To/GA switch is pressed above 80 knots?

A

LNAV and VNAV are disarmed

75
Q

What happens at 100 knots on takeoff roll?

How is this used?

A

Snapshot of the barometric altitude is taken.

To engage VNAV at 400 feet

Enable autothrottle activation at 400 feet

Acceleration height for engine out flap retraction

Acceleration for normal flap retraction

Set climb thrust

76
Q

Is LNAV engagement based on barometric altitude?

A

No. It is based on RA after liftoff

77
Q

How do you remove the engine derates after takeoff?

A

Pushing TO/GA switch will remove the takeoff derates.

The autothrottle will activate in THR REF mode

The AFDS modes will be disarmed

Between 50 and 400 feet the TO/GA roll mode will be selected

Above 400 feet, TO/GA roll and pitch modes will be selected

78
Q

If press TO/GA on approach with flaps not UP or with G/S captured?

A

Activates autothrottle in THR mode with GA thrust limit

Disarms the AFDS modes

Selects TO/GA roll and pitch modes

Arms or activates LNAV if available

If no FD or AP, activates A/T in THR REF

79
Q

What does second press of TO/GA switch do if flaps out of UP and LNAV is armed?

A

If flaps not up and LNAV armed, second push will activate the autothrottles in THR REF using GA reference thrust

80
Q

What does second press of TO/GA do if flaps out of UP with LNAV active?

A

Activates the autothrottles in THR REF using GA reference thrust. Roll will remain in LNAV.

81
Q

What will a second press of TO/GA do with flaps out of UP and HDG SEL or HDG HOLD active?

A

TO/GA pitch mode will remain active, the autothrottles will drive to THR REF using GA reference thrust, and TO/GA roll and pitch modes will be selected

82
Q

When does LNAV engage on takeoff?

A

50 feet RA

83
Q

If VNAV is armed for takeoff, when does it engage?

A

At 400 feet, and commands current airspeed

84
Q

When do autothrottles command THR REF after takeoff?

A

At 400 feet

85
Q

When acceleration height is reached, pitch commands what?

A

5 knots below the takeoff flap placard speed.

As flap retraction continues, acceleration is further commanded to 5 knots below commanded flap position placard speed

86
Q

When flaps up, what is the commanded speed in VNAV?

A

VNAV climb speed:

Vref + 80 knots

OR

Published airport transition speed

87
Q

For low visibility takeoff, how do you set up for HUD TO/GA mode?

A

Select HUD TAKEOFF departure in the FMC and turn on either FD. HUD TO/GA will engage as FMA roll mode

88
Q

When does HUD guidance become active on a HUD TO/GA low vis takeoff?

A

As the aircraft approaches the centerline and the aircraft is within 45 degrees of runway heading

The reference cue appears and the localizer deviation pointer will appear

Once the aircraft is lined up on the centerline, the guidance cue will center on the ground reference cue

89
Q

What altitude will appear in the ALTITUDE window when power is first applied to the aircraft?

A

10000 feet

90
Q

Altitude selector in AUTO?

A

Altitude selector changes in 100 foot increments

Displays each BARO minimum as the selector passes through that altitude (if minimum is not a 10 foot increment, the next highest will be displayed)

When rotated rapidly, moves at two to four times the rate

91
Q

Pushing the altitude selector during climb or descent?

A

Deletes the next waypoint altitude crossing constraint between aircraft altitude and the altitude window value

(acts as altitude intervene)

If pushed during climb and the altitude selected is above FMC altitude, the cruise altitude is changed to the altitude window value

92
Q

What is GBAS?

A

Ground Based Augmentation System

93
Q

At what point does IAN FAC end?

A

It is provided through the missed approach point on the final approach course, so guidance to the runway is only provided if the MAP is located on the runway approach end

94
Q

The IAN G/P is constructed on an angle that passes through the ______ ________ at the ______, and is the steeper of either:

A

Altitude constraint, MAP

Steeper of either the published angle

OR

The angle that clears the altitude constraint at the waypoint prior to the MAP

95
Q

When more than 10 degrees of crab angle is needed, runway alignment occurs at ______?

A

500 feet AGL

96
Q

The crab angle is reduced by establishing a ______ sideslip.

A

5 degree

97
Q

When 5 to 10 degrees of crab angle is required, an initial alignment occurs at _____.

The initial alignment initiates a sideslip to reduce the crab angle to ______.

A

500 feet

5 degrees

98
Q

When 5 to 10 degrees of crab angle was initially required, and a first alignment was conducted at 500 feet, a second alignment is conducted at ________, where a second alignment increases the _________ to further reduce the _______ _________

A

200 feet

sideslip

crab angle

99
Q

If less than 5 degrees crab angle was required runway alignment will occur at _________

A

200 feet AGL

100
Q

In case of engine failure prior to approach, a sideslip is I traduced at _________ to establish wings level.

A

500 feet

101
Q

If engine failure DURING approach, wings level configuration is established ___________.

A

when the engine failure is detected

102
Q

What is inboard spoiler bias?

A

During autoland approach, the inboard spoilers are biased upward at 350 ft RA, causing the nose to pitch up slightly

103
Q

When does ROLLOUT mode activate?

A

It activates with the weight on wheels switch

104
Q

When does FLARE arm?

A

When LAND 2 or LAND 3 annunciated (1500 feet.)

105
Q

When does ROLLOUT arm?

A

When LAND 2 or LAND 3 annunciated (at 1500 feet.)

106
Q

Rollout guidance continues until __________

A

the autopilots are disengaged

107
Q

When is TO/GA armed?

A

Flaps are out of UP

G/S is captured

108
Q

When does thrust limit change to GA?

A

Flaps are out of UP

Flaps are extended to the landing position

OR

Glideslope/Glidepath is captured

109
Q

During a go around, the first push of either TO/GA switch causes:

A

FMAs change to:
THR TO/GA TO/GA

Thrust is increased to provide for a 2,000 ft/min climb

110
Q

If LNAV path is available for go around, when does the LNAV automatically arm and engage?

A

Above 50 feet RA if autopilot not engaged

Above 200 feet when autopilot is engaged

111
Q

A second push of a TO/GA switch in go around causes:

A

the autothrottle to engage in the THR REF mode to provide full go around thrust

112
Q

What speed will the AFDS command after go around when arriving at selected altitude, or when V/S or FPA is engaged?

A

MCP speed is automatically set to:

Flap placard speed minus 5 knots

250 knots if flaps up

Speed value in MCP window if set after TO/GA was pushed

113
Q

Wind shear recovery guidance by AFDS?

A

Provided by means of the normal go-around pitch and roll modes. Initiated by pressing TO/GA

Pitch up of 15 degrees will be commanded

114
Q

Autopilot and autothrottle systems prevent stall and over speed in which modes?

A

Overspeed protection available:

With flaps up for all modes except G/S

With flaps extended in FLCH and TO/GA

115
Q

AUTOPILOT EICAS?

A

Autopilot has begun flight envelope protection

If an amber line displays through the active roll or pitch FMA

B787 (22 decks)

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