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Energy Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two anaerobic energy systems

A

ATP-PC system
Lactic Acid system

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2
Q

What are the three energy systems

A

ATP-PC systems
Lactic Acid system
Aerobic Glycolysis system

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3
Q

ATP is the only energy source for all bodily functions:
True or False

A

True- when it is used for energy production it must be replenished

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4
Q

What does energy do

A

Allows us to perform muscular contractions

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5
Q

What is chemical energy

A

Energy that was source from food

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6
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

Energy we gain from movement

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7
Q

What is potential energy

A

Stored energy

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8
Q

What does EPOC stand for

A

Excess post exercise oxygen consumption

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9
Q

What is ATP made up of

A

1 Adenosine molecule and 3 phosphate molecules

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10
Q

How many grams of ATP are there in the muscle cell

A

40-50g

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11
Q

How long does ATP last before it has to be resynthesised

A

2-4 seconds of high intensity activity

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12
Q

What is the breakdown of ATP

A

ATP<->ADP+Pi+Energy

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13
Q

How do phosphates provide energy

A

Phosphates are attached by high energy bonds which when removed, provide energy

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14
Q

how does a phosphate require energy for muscular contraction

A

a phosphate will need to break off using an enzyme called ATPase

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15
Q

when is energy released

A

when the phosphate bond is broken

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16
Q

what is the reason for fatigue

A

depletion of ATP

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17
Q

where does aerobic respiration occur

A

the mitochondria

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18
Q

what is the sarcoplasm

A

the outer area of the muscle

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19
Q

what are the three factors that affect ATP regeneration

A

intensity
duration
fitness levels

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20
Q

what kind of system is the ATP-PC system

A

it is an anaerobic energy system

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21
Q

where is phosphocreatine found

A

the sarcoplasm

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22
Q

how long does the ATP-PC system last for

A

8-12 seconds

23
Q

give sporting examples that use the ATP-PC system

A

100m sprint
shotput
plymetrics
interval training

24
Q

how efficient is the ATP-PC system

A

it is the most inefficient energy system

25
what is the energy yield of the ATP-PC system
1:1
26
where is phosphate creatine stored
the muscle (fast twitch type IIx)
27
what in the body detects high levels of ADP
creatine kinase (an enzyme)
28
how much of PC stores is restored after 3 minutes
98%
29
what kind of exercise uses the ATP-PC system
short,maximal,explosive movement
30
advantages of the ATP-PC system
immediate source of ATP highly suitable for explosive,maximal intensity activity does not require oxygen produces no fatiguing byproducts
31
disadvantages
can only be used for 8-12 seconds very inefficient system 1:1 energy yield (very low)
32
where is glycogen stored
the muscles and liver
33
which system breaks down glucose and glycogen to form ATP
the lactic acid system
34
which system produces a fatiguing byproduct when generating ATP and what is it
the lactic acid system lactic acid (H+ ions)
35
how long does the lactic acid system provide energy for
3 minutes (peaks at one minute)
36
advantages of the lactic acid system
doesn't require oxygen when compared to the ATP-PC system it doubles the amount of ATP resynthesis (2) used for high intensity efforts lasts up to 3 minutes
37
disadvantages of the lactic acid system
produces muscular fatiguing byproducts (lactic acid/H+ ions) H+ ions disturb the work of enzymes (denatures enzyme activity) when compared to the aerobic system, there is a low energy yield - 2:1 compared to 38:1
38
which is the most efficient energy system
the aerobic energy system
39
which energy system is the slowest at ATP resynthesis
the aerobic energy system
40
what does the aerobic system need to be in the presence of in order to resynthesise ATP
it needs to be in the presence of oxygen within the mitochondria
41
which energy system is used for long distance events
the aerobic system
42
what are the 3 ways through which the aerobic system produces ATP
the krebs cycle the electron transport chain beta oxidation
43
how much more oxygen is needed to fully metabolise fats compared to carbohydrates (glycogen)
15-20%
44
how long does the aerobic system last for
5+minutes
45
sporting examples of the aerobic system
marathons 1500m long distance cycling continuous training
46
advantages of the aerobic system
most efficient energy system high energy yield 38:1 produces no fatiguing byproducts (does produce CO2 and H2O) can metabolise glucose, lipids and protiens
47
disadvantages of the aerobic system
requires high levels of oxygen 15-20% more oxygen is needed to break down fats in comparison to carbohydrates
48
how many energy systems are active at one time
all the energy systems are active at the same time however one is more predominant than the others due to the intensity, duration and the fitness levels of the performer
49
what is intensity
the amount of effort being put in
50
what is duration
how long the performer is working for
51
how does aerobic fitness impact an athlete
a higher level of aerobic fitness will mean it takes a performer longer to reach the anaerobic threshold
52
how does anaerobic fitness impact an athlete
the greater the anaerobic fitness of an athlete, the longer the performer can work in the anaerobic zone for
53
what are the two anaerobic food fuels
PC stores (explosive, very short duration) glycogen/glucose (high intensity, short duration)

PE (14 decks)

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