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PE > Energy Systems > Flashcards

Energy Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two anaerobic energy systems

A

ATP-PC system
Lactic Acid system

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2
Q

What are the three energy systems

A

ATP-PC systems
Lactic Acid system
Aerobic Glycolysis system

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3
Q

ATP is the only energy source for all bodily functions:
True or False

A

True- when it is used for energy production it must be replenished

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4
Q

What does energy do

A

Allows us to perform muscular contractions

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5
Q

What is chemical energy

A

Energy that was source from food

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6
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

Energy we gain from movement

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7
Q

What is potential energy

A

Stored energy

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8
Q

What does EPOC stand for

A

Excess post exercise oxygen consumption

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9
Q

What is ATP made up of

A

1 Adenosine molecule and 3 phosphate molecules

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10
Q

How many grams of ATP are there in the muscle cell

A

40-50g

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11
Q

How long does ATP last before it has to be resynthesised

A

2-4 seconds of high intensity activity

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12
Q

What is the breakdown of ATP

A

ATP<->ADP+Pi+Energy

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13
Q

How do phosphates provide energy

A

Phosphates are attached by high energy bonds which when removed, provide energy

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14
Q

how does a phosphate require energy for muscular contraction

A

a phosphate will need to break off using an enzyme called ATPase

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15
Q

when is energy released

A

when the phosphate bond is broken

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16
Q

what is the reason for fatigue

A

depletion of ATP

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17
Q

where does aerobic respiration occur

A

the mitochondria

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18
Q

what is the sarcoplasm

A

the outer area of the muscle

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19
Q

what are the three factors that affect ATP regeneration

A

intensity
duration
fitness levels

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20
Q

what kind of system is the ATP-PC system

A

it is an anaerobic energy system

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21
Q

where is phosphocreatine found

A

the sarcoplasm

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22
Q

how long does the ATP-PC system last for

A

8-12 seconds

23
Q

give sporting examples that use the ATP-PC system

A

100m sprint
shotput
plymetrics
interval training

24
Q

how efficient is the ATP-PC system

A

it is the most inefficient energy system

25
Q

what is the energy yield of the ATP-PC system

A

1:1

26
Q

where is phosphate creatine stored

A

the muscle (fast twitch type IIx)

27
Q

what in the body detects high levels of ADP

A

creatine kinase (an enzyme)

28
Q

how much of PC stores is restored after 3 minutes

A

98%

29
Q

what kind of exercise uses the ATP-PC system

A

short,maximal,explosive movement

30
Q

advantages of the ATP-PC system

A

immediate source of ATP
highly suitable for explosive,maximal intensity activity
does not require oxygen
produces no fatiguing byproducts

31
Q

disadvantages

A

can only be used for 8-12 seconds
very inefficient system
1:1 energy yield (very low)

32
Q

where is glycogen stored

A

the muscles and liver

33
Q

which system breaks down glucose and glycogen to form ATP

A

the lactic acid system

34
Q

which system produces a fatiguing byproduct when generating ATP and what is it

A

the lactic acid system
lactic acid (H+ ions)

35
Q

how long does the lactic acid system provide energy for

A

3 minutes (peaks at one minute)

36
Q

advantages of the lactic acid system

A

doesn’t require oxygen
when compared to the ATP-PC system it doubles the amount of ATP resynthesis (2)
used for high intensity efforts
lasts up to 3 minutes

37
Q

disadvantages of the lactic acid system

A

produces muscular fatiguing byproducts (lactic acid/H+ ions)
H+ ions disturb the work of enzymes (denatures enzyme activity)
when compared to the aerobic system, there is a low energy yield - 2:1 compared to 38:1

38
Q

which is the most efficient energy system

A

the aerobic energy system

39
Q

which energy system is the slowest at ATP resynthesis

A

the aerobic energy system

40
Q

what does the aerobic system need to be in the presence of in order to resynthesise ATP

A

it needs to be in the presence of oxygen within the mitochondria

41
Q

which energy system is used for long distance events

A

the aerobic system

42
Q

what are the 3 ways through which the aerobic system produces ATP

A

the krebs cycle
the electron transport chain
beta oxidation

43
Q

how much more oxygen is needed to fully metabolise fats compared to carbohydrates (glycogen)

A

15-20%

44
Q

how long does the aerobic system last for

A

5+minutes

45
Q

sporting examples of the aerobic system

A

marathons
1500m
long distance cycling
continuous training

46
Q

advantages of the aerobic system

A

most efficient energy system
high energy yield 38:1
produces no fatiguing byproducts (does produce CO2 and H2O)
can metabolise glucose, lipids and protiens

47
Q

disadvantages of the aerobic system

A

requires high levels of oxygen
15-20% more oxygen is needed to break down fats in comparison to carbohydrates

48
Q

how many energy systems are active at one time

A

all the energy systems are active at the same time however one is more predominant than the others due to the intensity, duration and the fitness levels of the performer

49
Q

what is intensity

A

the amount of effort being put in

50
Q

what is duration

A

how long the performer is working for

51
Q

how does aerobic fitness impact an athlete

A

a higher level of aerobic fitness will mean it takes a performer longer to reach the anaerobic threshold

52
Q

how does anaerobic fitness impact an athlete

A

the greater the anaerobic fitness of an athlete, the longer the performer can work in the anaerobic zone for

53
Q

what are the two anaerobic food fuels

A

PC stores (explosive, very short duration)
glycogen/glucose (high intensity, short duration)

PE (13 decks)

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