Energy Stores and Transfers Flashcards
How many energy stores are there?
8
Kinetic store
Anything that is moving has energy in its kinetic energy store. Faster objects have more energy in their kinetic store than other
E.g. runner running
Thermal store
Any object. The hotter an object is, the more energy it has in its thermal energy store. All objects have energy in their thermal energy store. But some objects have more energy in this store and some have less.
E.g. boiled kettle, rubbing hands together
Gravitational potential store
Anything that has mass and is inside a gravitational field (like on earth). Objects that are on a higher shelf have more energy in their gravitational potential store than objects that are on a lower shelf. This is because the higher you lift something up the more energy it has in its gravitational potential energy store
Chemical store
Anything that can release energy by a chemical reaction such as food, fuels (petrol) and batteries. Foods like bread have more energy in their chemical store than foods like lettuce.
E.g. eating food
Nuclear store
Atomic nuclei have energy in their nuclear store that can be released in nuclear reactions
E.g. explosion, sun
Magnetic store
Anything with electric charge that is interacting with another magnet
E.g. when the North Pole and South Pole attract on a magnet, fridge magnet
Electrostatic energy store
Anything with electric charge that is interacting with another electric charge
E.g. rubbing ballon on hair and making it stand up
What is energy transferred by?
A pathway
What are the energy stores?
Kinetic Thermal Gravitational potential Elastic potential Chemical Nuclear Electrostatic Magnetic
Electrical pathway
The transfers in an electrical circuit due to charges moving
E.g. main to kettle due to plug
Mechanical transfer
A force (push/pull/twist/turn) causes an object to move so mechanical work is done on the subject E.g. lifting the kettle up, the energy is transferred from the person to the kettle via the mechanical pathway, the energy has gone into the gravitational energy store
Radiation transfer
Energy is given out from a source such as light or sound
E.g. light is transferred from the kettle to the surroundings via the radiation pathway
Heating pathway
Energy is transferred from a hotter object to a colder object
E.g. energy is transferred from the hot water in the kettle to the hand via heating pathway
Candle
A candle has a chemical store of energy. When it burns, the chemical store empties. The thermal store of energy fills by heating and lighting. The heating and radiation(light) pathway are used to transfer energy.
Ball
Before we let go, the ball has a gravitational potential store of energy. As the force of gravity makes it fall, the gravitational potential store decreases and the kinetic store increases. When it hits the ground, the thermal store of the surrounding increases. The mechanical pathway transfers the energy.
Climbing stairs
A person uses the chemical store of energy in their muscles to climb up the stairs from the ground floor to the first floor. They are on a higher floor so have more energy in their gravitational potential store. The mechanical pathway was used to transfer energy. The thermal energy store may have also increased due to the person sweating.
What is energy measured in?
Joules
What is the Joules(J) named after?
A famous scientist call James Prescott Joules who was born in North-West England 200yrs ago
