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Science Yr8 > Atoms Elements Compounds And mixtures > Flashcards

Atoms Elements Compounds And mixtures Flashcards

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1
Q

Atom

A

The smallest part of an element

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2
Q

Chemical formula

A

A formula that shows the relative number of atoms of each element in a compound

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3
Q

Chemical symbol

A

A one- or two-letter code for an element that is used by scientists in all countries

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4
Q

Compound

A

A substance made up of atoms of two or more elements strongly joined together./ A substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically joined.

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5
Q

Element

A

A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances. An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler. A substance made up of only one type of atom only. Found on the periodic table.

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6
Q

Molecule

A

A group of two or more atoms, strongly joined together

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7
Q

Periodic table

A

A table of all the elements in which with elements with similar properties are grouped together

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8
Q

Mixture

A

Two or more elements and/or compounds in the same place but not chemically joined.

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9
Q

What is salt?

A

Sodium chloride

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10
Q

What is usually the ending of a compound?

A

‘ide’

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11
Q

What is a lattice?

A

Metals on their own form a lattice; a regular array of particles. When metals and non metals bond together they also almost always form a lattice.

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12
Q

What happens when non metals bond together

A

When non-metals bond together they almost always form a gas molecule so the particles within the molecule are chemically joined together but there are empty space between separate molecules.

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13
Q

What is another name for protons?

A

Atomic number

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14
Q

What is the mass and charge of a proton?

A

Mass: 1
Charge: +1

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15
Q

What is the number of electrons the same as?

A

The number of protons

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16
Q

What number is the mass number?

A

The mass number is the bigger number

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17
Q

How do you calculate the mass number?

A

You add the number of protons and neutrons

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18
Q

How do you calculate the number of neutrons?

A

You subtract the mass number from the atomic number(protons)

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19
Q

What is the mass and charge of neutrons?

A

Mass:1
Charge:0

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20
Q

What is the mass and charge of the number of electrons?

A

Mass:0
Charge:-1

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21
Q

What is a period?

A

They are the lines which go across on the periodic table

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22
Q

What does the period represent?

A

It tells us how many shells there are

23
Q

What does the group represent?

A

It tells us how many electrons there are on the outer shell

24
Q

What is a reactant?

A

A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction

25
Q

What is a product?

A

A substance/substances produced from a reaction

26
Q

What is a chemical reaction?

A

A chemical reaction is when two substances (reactants) react together to make one or more new substances (products). Usually a chemical reaction is irreversible meaning it is impossible to reverse the reaction to get the original substances back. Signs that a chemical reaction ha taken place include a change in colour, heat being given off (exothermic) or bubbles of gas (effervescence) being made.

27
Q

Metal + acid —>

A

Salt + hydrogen

28
Q

Metal carbonate + acid

A

—-> salt + carbon dioxide + water

29
Q

Sodium bicarbonate (bicarbonate of soda)

A

NaHCO3

30
Q

Water

A

H2O

31
Q

Ammonia

A

NH3

32
Q

What is the formula for glucose/sugar?

A

C6H12O6

33
Q

What is the line of best fit?

A

A line or curve of best fit is the line you draw on graph after plotting the points. It shows the pattern you think the data should be.

34
Q

Why are graphs better than tables?

A

Graphs are easier to see patterns and anomalies than tables. They are also easier to make predictions of data from.

35
Q

What are the key points of a method?

A
  • there has to be clear instructions

- it can be bullet pointed or numbered

36
Q

What are the key points of a good results table?

A
  • draw it with pencil
  • write in it with pen
  • make sure the results are accurate
  • do the experiment multiple times to find the average
37
Q

What are the three types of flame?

A

The safety flame/yellow flame, blue flame and the roaring flame

38
Q

What are some common mixtures?

A

Smog (smoke and water)
Mud (water and dirt)
Cement (sand, water and gravel)
Sea water (water and salt)
Gunpowder (potassium nitrate, sulfur and carbon)
Sea foam (oxygen and water)
Gasoline (petroleum, hydrocarbons, and fuel additives)

39
Q

When writing compounds what comes first the metal or the gas?

A

The metal

40
Q

What does the period tell us on the periodic table?

A

It tells us how many shells it has

41
Q

What does the group tell us?

A

It tells us how many electrons are on the outer shell

42
Q

Do halogens and noble gases react?

A

No

43
Q

Can we break up a compound once it’s made?

A

Yes but it usually requires a lot of energy. Making new chemical bonds is relatively easy but to break chemical bonds requires energy to be put in.

44
Q

What is a shell also called?

A

Energy levels

45
Q

What does the word atom mean?

A

Indivisible

46
Q

solute:

A

The solid being dissolved

47
Q

solvent:

A

The liquid it’s dissolving into

48
Q

Solution:

A

A mixture of a solute and a solvent that does not separate out.

49
Q

Soluble:

A

Means something will dissolve

50
Q

Insoluble

A

Means something won’t dissolve

51
Q

principle of conservation of mass:

A

means the mass at the end of the reaction is the same as the mass at the start as atoms don’t disappear.

52
Q

what do all the noble gases have in common?

A

they go round as single atoms

53
Q

what element is a ring and is slightly yellow?

A

sulfur

Science Yr8 (26 decks)

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