Energy & Enzymes

Question 1

Enzyme

Answer 1

Is a catalyst for living systems
Are protein molecules
They are specific
Regulated to bodies needs
Names usually end is "ase"

Question 2

Catalyst

Answer 2

Speeds up reactions
Only work for reactions that would occur on their own
Are not altered in the process
Can’t push a reaction beyond equilibrium

Question 3

Active site

Answer 3

Place in the enzyme one specific molecule can fit for reaction

Question 4

Substrate

Answer 4

The molecule that binds to the active site, it is either broken down or two molecules are combined.

Question 5

Product

Answer 5

The result between the substrate and the enzyme

Question 6

Denaturing

Answer 6

At high heat an enzyme becomes dysfunctional because its weak hydrogen bonds break and it changes shape

Question 7

PH and enzymes

Answer 7

All enzymes have an optimal PH range for operation. Most are between 6-8

Question 8

How fast are enzymes

Answer 8

One enzyme can act up to 1000 substrate molecules a second

Question 9

Energy

Answer 9

The ability to do work, both kinetic and potential

Question 10

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 10

Energy cannot be created or destroyed it can only change form

Question 11

2nd Law of thermodynamics

Answer 11

As you convert energy from one form to another some energy id lost as heat

Question 12

Activation energy

Answer 12

The energy an excergonic reaction needs to begin, enzymes lower activation energy

Question 13

Catabolic pathway

Answer 13

Release energy and breakdown complex molecules into more simple molecules

Question 14

Metabolism

Answer 14

Combination of all an organisms chemical reactions

Question 15

Metabolic pathway

Answer 15

Begins with a reactant and ends with a product. Ex: breaking down carbohydrates into monosacchrides we eat

Question 16

Anabolic pathway

Answer 16

Consume energy and build simpler molecules into more complex ones. Ex. building proteins from amino acids

Question 17

Energy coupling

Answer 17

Using exergonic and endergonic reactions together to drive each others work. ATP is used to move this energy

Question 18

How ATP preforms work

Answer 18

All cellular work is preformed y hydrolysis of ATP. This is an excergonic reaction that can be used to drive edergonic reactions in that cell

Question 19

Cofactors

Answer 19

non-protein enzyme helpers
inorganic (such as metals) or organic
Bind to enzyme to help it achieve the shape for the active site

Question 20

Coenzymes

Answer 20

Organic cofactors

include vitamins

Question 21

Competitive inhibiters

Answer 21

Bind to the active site competing with the substrate

Question 22

Non-competitive inhibiters

Answer 22

bind to another part of the enzyme making it change the shape of the active site and blocking the substrate