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Bio 160 > Chemical Content > Flashcards

Chemical Content Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Matter

A

Anything that takes up space and has mass

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2
Q

Element

A

Cannot be broken down into annother substance by a chemical reaction
92 in nature

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3
Q

Compound

A

A substance consisting of two or more elements combined together in a fixed ratio

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4
Q

Essential Elements

A

A living organism needs these to live a healthy life and reproduce

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5
Q

Trace Elements

A

Only minute amounts are required for living things

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6
Q

Atom

A

The smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element

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7
Q

Subatomic particles

A

Protons (+)
Neutrons (neutral)
Electrons(-)

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8
Q

Atomic Nucleus

A

Where the protons and neutrons are packed in the center of the atom, positivly charged.

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9
Q

Atomic Number

A

The number of protons in an element

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10
Q

Mass Number

A

The sum of the protons and neutrons in the element

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11
Q

Atomic Mass

A

An approximation of the total mass of an element

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12
Q

Isotopes

A

Different atomic forms of the same element

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13
Q

Ratioactive Isotope

A

Nucleus decays spontaniously giving off energy particles. When the portons decay the element changes to another element

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14
Q

Valence shell

A

Outermost electron shell

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15
Q

Valence Electron

A

Electrons in the outermost shell

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16
Q

Orbital

A

The 3D space an electron is found 90% of the time

17
Q

Chemical Bonds

A

Atoms bind together by sharing or transfering valence electrons

18
Q

Covalent Bond

A

Sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms

19
Q

Molecule

A

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

20
Q

Single Bond

A

A pair of shared valence electrons

21
Q

Double bound

A

Two pairs of valence electrons

22
Q

Valence

A

The number of electrons an atom needs to complete its outer most vallance

23
Q

Electronegivity

A

The attraction of a particulat atom for its electrons

24
Q

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

A

When two atoms have the same electronegitivity and ther electrons are pulled equally to both atoms

25
Q

Polar Covalent Bonds

A

When two atons are bonded that have unequal electronegitivity and the electrons are not shared equally

26
Q

Ion

A

A charged atom +/- ( or molecule)

27
Q

Cation

A

Positivly charged++

28
Q

Anion

A

Negitivly charged -

29
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Anions and cations are attracted to eachother because of their opposite charge

30
Q

Ionic Compounds

A

Compounds formed by ionic bonds (salts)

31
Q

Hydrogen Bonds

A

A noncovalent attraction between a hydrogen and an electronegitive atom. Weak bond

32
Q

Chemical Reactions

A

The making and breaking of chemical bonds leading to changes of matter

33
Q

Chemical equilibrium

A

The point at which reactions offset eachother exactly

Bio 160 (14 decks)

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