DNA Replication

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

Contains genetic material

Question 2

Transformation

Answer 2

A change in genotype and phenotype due to assimilation of foreign DNA

Question 3

DNA pairing

Answer 3

Adenine and guanine = purines

Thymine and cytosine = pyrimidines

Question 4

Semi-conservative model

Answer 4

When DNA replicates there is one strand conserved from the parent DNA and the new daughter strands forms next to it.

Question 5

Helicase

Answer 5

An enzyme that unwinds the double helix at the origin of replication

Question 6

Replication bubble

Answer 6

The point where the DNA is split, each end are a fork in the DNA strands

Question 7

Single strand binding protein

Answer 7

Holds the DNA strands apart so they don’t coil back up

Question 8

Primase

Answer 8

Binds to the DNA and makes a complementary strand of RNA called primer.

Question 9

DNA polymerase

Answer 9

Lengthens the primer RNA and builds new DNA based on the DNA template from the parent cell.

Question 10

Topoisomerase

Answer 10

Keeps the DNA from coiling back on the double helix.

Question 11

Elongation

Answer 11

DNA polymerase can only lengthen in one direction from 5’ to 3’ direction

Question 12

2 strands

Answer 12

leading

lagging .

Question 13

leading

Answer 13

Starts at helcase stran and is seamless

Question 14

lagging

Answer 14

DNA polymerase works away fron replication fork (5’-3’ direction), makes short, okazaki fragments joined by DNA ligase.

Question 15

Termination

Answer 15

Diferent DNA polymerases replaces RNA bases with DNA bases, then ligase connects okazaki fregmants to complete the strand.

Question 16

Proofreading

Answer 16

DNA polymerase replacing/repairing any incorrect nucleotides.

Question 17

Telomers

Answer 17

Nucleotides placed at the end of a DNA strand to postpone erosion of the genes

Question 18

Telomerase

Answer 18

Catalyses the lengthening of telomers in germ cells to ensure essantial genes remain in gametes.