Energy and Metabolism 1

Question 1

energy is the

Answer 1

capacity to cause change, ability to do work and cause change

Question 2

Name the five types of energy

Answer 2

Chemical 
Heat
Electric 
Mechanical 
Light

Question 3

light energy

Answer 3

energy resides in photons

Question 4

chemical energy

Answer 4

energy resides in bonds

Question 5

heat energy

Answer 5

movement of particles causes change in phases

Question 6

electric energy

Answer 6

energy in charged particles

Question 7

mechanical energy

Answer 7

movement

Question 8

metabolism definition

Answer 8

the overall net amount of chemical reactions that occur within the cell

Question 9

Energy can exist in two different forms

Answer 9

Kinetic and Potential

Question 10

Kinetic energy

Answer 10

energy with motion

Question 11

more heat= =

Answer 11

more energy= more molecules moving

Question 12

ENERGY CAN CONVERT

Answer 12

forms

Question 13

Potential energy is

Answer 13

stored energy

Question 14

potential energy is associated with

Answer 14

the position or structure

Question 15

When a molecule undergoes diffusion, this is an example of

Answer 15

potential energy transforming to kinetic

Question 16

bonds breaking is an example of

Answer 16

energy changing from potential to kinetic

Question 17

An isolated system

Answer 17

contains all the needed energy and matter, no energy and matter will be exchanged

Question 18

Give an example of an isolated system

Answer 18

the universe

Question 19

a closed system

Answer 19

matter doesn’t leave, but energy is exchanged

Question 20

Give two examples of a closed system

Answer 20

when a tube is capped and heated, the matter does not escape it just changes form, but energy can still be exchanged

The Earth

Question 21

Open system

Answer 21

both energy and matter is exchanged

Question 22

Give an example of an open system

Answer 22

the human body

Question 23

The First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 23

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can just change forms

Question 24

The first law of thermodynamics is also known as

Answer 24

the principle of conservation energy

Question 25

The second law of thermodynamics states

Answer 25

during the transformation of energy, some of this energy is lost

Question 26

the unusable energy that is lost contributes and increases

Answer 26

entropy or disorder

Question 27

disorder occurs

Answer 27

naturally

Question 28

give an example of energy that is lost and can't be used

Answer 28

when body heat is lost; it cannot be used in cellular work

Question 29

a spontaneous process can happen

Answer 29

quickly or slowly

Question 30

a spontaneous process does not require _____, and makes things more _____.

Answer 30

energy, disordered

Question 31

a hydrolysis reaction is (spontaneous/ nonspontaneous)

Answer 31

spontaneous

Question 32

a dehydration reaction is (spontaneous/ nonspontaneous) )

Answer 32

nonspontaneous

Question 33

Metabolism is an _______ _________.

Answer 33

emergent property

Question 34

emergent property-

Answer 34

life that arises from orderly interactions between molecules, metabolism drives biological life

Question 35

metabolism pathways-

Answer 35

starts with a molecules and ends with a prodcut

Question 36

in the metabolism pathway, each step uses a

Answer 36

specific enzyme

Question 37

the metabolism pathway maximizes _____ and ___.

Answer 37

efficiency and controls the reaction

Question 38

two types of metabolic pathways are

Answer 38

catabolic pathways and anabolic pathways

Question 39

catabolic pathways

Answer 39

releases energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds

Question 40

catabolic pathways are

Answer 40

spontaneous reactions

Question 41

cellular respiration is an example of

Answer 41

catabolic pahtways

Question 42

anabolic pathways

Answer 42

consume energy, uses molecules and energy to create a bigger molecule

Question 43

anabolic pathways are

Answer 43

nonspontaneous

Question 44

free energy is

Answer 44

energy available to do cellular work

Question 45

if the change in gibbs free energy is ____, it is spontaneous

Answer 45

negative

Question 46

gibbs free energy is the tendency to change

Answer 46

into a more stable state

Question 47

once at equilibrium, there is no more

Answer 47

gibb's free energy

Question 48

in a spontaneous change, free energy _____ as stability of the system _____.

Answer 48

decreases, increases

Question 49

If cels are at equilibrium

Answer 49

we die

Question 50

cells don't allow equilibrium to occur because

Answer 50

Water always going in or out

Question 51

exergonic reaction

Answer 51

net release of free energy, spontaneous

Question 52

in an exergonic reaction, (reactants/ products) have more energy

Answer 52

reactants

Question 53

endergonic reaction

Answer 53

absorbs free energy from the surroundings, nonspontaneous

Question 54

in an endergonic reaction, (reactants/ products) have more energy

Answer 54

products

Question 55

activation energy usually comes from the

Answer 55

surroundings, thermal absorbed energy

Question 56

activation energy is the

Answer 56

initial energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Question 57

the presence of a catalyst

Answer 57

lowers the activation energy so the reaction can happen faster

Question 58

the definition of enzyme

Answer 58

catalytic protein

Question 59

the definition of substrate

Answer 59

the reactant that the enzyme acts on

Question 60

substrate the binding of the enzyme to the substrate forms the

Answer 60

enzyme-substrate complex

Question 61

the enzyme substrate complex is a

Answer 61

lock and key fit

Question 62

the lock and key fit shows that there are specific

Answer 62

shapes of specific enzymes

Question 63

active site

Answer 63

where substrate and enzyme fit into eachother

Question 64

induced fit

Answer 64

locking the substrate into place, may have to change/ reform structure.