Animal Physiology: Introduction

Question 1

What are the three common approaches to understanding animals?

Answer 1

1. taxonomic- study of the classification, function within each group
2. developmental- view organisms as they go through development
3. systematic- view each system to make comparisons between animals

Question 2

What are the seven animal requirements

Answer 2

1. multicellular
2. eukaryotic cells
3. reproduction
4. mobile
5. flexible- no cell wall
6. heterotrophs
7. store energy as glycogen in carbohydrates

Question 3

asymmetric body-

Answer 3

lack symmetry

Question 4

radially symmetric-

Answer 4

round, like slicing pizza

Question 5

pentaradial symmetry-

Answer 5

5 radii in which the animal is arranged from one point

Question 6

bilateral symmetry-

Answer 6

cut in half, two equal pieces, the human body,

Question 7

what is the benefit to a bilateral symmetric body

Answer 7

more advancement with senses

Question 8

Animals can either develop into ____ or ____

Answer 8

protostomes, deuterostomes

Question 9

protostomes cell division type:

Answer 9

spiral- twists while being developed

Question 10

deuterostomes cell division type:

Answer 10

radial- cell is just right next to each other

Question 11

blastopore fate of protostomes:

blastopore fate of deuterostomes:

Answer 11

mouth

anus

Question 12

protostomes development:

deuterostomes development:

Answer 12

determinate- if one cell removed, cannot form an organism on its own
indeterminate- can develop into entire organism on its own

Question 13

germ layers definition

Answer 13

groups of cells that interact with each other during embryonic development

Question 14

interaction of cells within germ layers lead to the formation of

Answer 14

organs and tissues

Question 15

sponges of ___ germ layer, therefore there is no ______.

Answer 15

one, specialization during developmental stage

Question 16

diploblastic germ layers-

Answer 16

two germ layers: ectoderm and endoderm

Question 17

tripoblastic germ layers-

Answer 17

three germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm

Question 18

ectoderm

Answer 18

tissues covering outside of organism

Question 19

endoderm

Answer 19

tissues that support gastro track- most internal organs

Question 20

mesoderm

Answer 20

skin/ nervous system

Question 21

acoelomate (2)

Answer 21

no body cavity, endo/ ecto/ and meso are all in contact with eachother

Question 22

pseudocoelomate (2)

Answer 22

fake body cavity, empty space before you get to endoderm/ big gap

Question 23

coelomates

Answer 23

three germ layers in touch, but completely isolated body cavity

Question 24

human layers have (acoelomate/ pseudocoelomate/ coelomates)?

Answer 24

coelomates

Question 25

porifera

Answer 25

sponges

Question 26

cnidaria (2)

Answer 26

jellyfish, coral

Question 27

platyhelminthes

Answer 27

tapeworms

Question 28

nematodes

Answer 28

round worms

Question 29

mollusca (4)

Answer 29

clams, oysters, octopus, squid

Question 30

annelida

Answer 30

leeches

Question 31

arthropoda (3)

Answer 31

spiders, insects, centipedes

Question 32

echinodermata

Answer 32

starfish, sand dollars

Question 33

chordata

Answer 33

fish, reptiles, birds, mammals