energy Flashcards

1
Q

what is the 1st law of thermodynamics

A

energy can be transformed from one form to another but can’t be created or destroyed

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2
Q

what is our energy in coming from

A

food and beverages we eat

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3
Q

what is energy out from

A

heat lost (radiant and evaporation)

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4
Q

what is a direct measure of measuring energy expenditure

A

calorimetry
- siting in a room

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5
Q

what is a indirect measurement of energy expenditure

A

mask over the face

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6
Q

where does ATP come from in CHO

A

glucose

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7
Q

what is energy out (expenditure) come from

A

resting, thermic, physical, growth

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8
Q

what id Basal metabolic rate

A

energy expended at rest, fulfil life-sustaining functions, strict conditions

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9
Q

how much does muslce, liver and brain make up of BMR

A

60%

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10
Q

what is resting energy expenditure

A

energy expenditure at rest, fulfill life sustaining functions, no strict conditions - easier to measure

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11
Q

what does thermic effect of food stand for (DEE)

A

diet-induced energy expenditure

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12
Q

what is diet-induced energy expenditure

A

energy needed for digestion and processing of food,

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13
Q

how much energy does it take to digest food

A

10%

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14
Q

what does AIEE stand for

A

activity induced energy expenditure

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15
Q

if energy in is greater than energy out what type of energy is this and what does this mean

A

positive,
growth - weight gain

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16
Q

if energy in is less than energy out what type of energy balance is this and what does this lead to

A

negative,
weight loss

17
Q

if energy in = energy out what balance is this and what does it mean for your weight

A

energy balance
weight stable

18
Q

when their is an energy imbalance with energy in being greater than energy out what does this mean

A

people will gain weight

19
Q

if energy in drops below energy out what will this mean

A

slow growth in children and people will be hungry

20
Q

what type of energy balance causes obesity

A

energy imbalance

21
Q

what is the defination of obesity

A

excessive body fat or abnormal that is a risk to health

22
Q

obesity is a serious diease but development is not

A

inevitable - preventable through lifestyle

23
Q

obese individuals differ in

A
  • distribution of excess fat
  • amount of excess fat stored
  • associated health consequences
24
Q

what are the two different distribution seen in males or females

A

apple (male)
pear(female)

25
Q

BMI correlated with body fat r= ___

A

r= correlation (above 0.7)

26
Q

increase BMI associated with

A

adverse health consequences

27
Q

if some one has a BMI of 17 what are they

A

underweight

28
Q

BMI of 20 what are they

A

normal - healthy

29
Q

BMI 26

A

overweight

30
Q

BMI 31

A

obese

31
Q

why is important to classify obesity using BMI

A
  • comparisons of weight between populations
  • identify individuals w/ increased risk of morbidity and mortality
  • firm basis of evaluation of interventions and to be identified
32
Q

what are the results from the NZ health survey of how many children are overweight or obese

A

1/3

33
Q

how do you prevent obesity in environment

A
  • government goals, food industry e.g. labelling, health professional
34
Q

how do you prevent obesity at individual level

A

education, knowledge, network and support