energy Flashcards
what is the 1st law of thermodynamics
energy can be transformed from one form to another but can’t be created or destroyed
what is our energy in coming from
food and beverages we eat
what is energy out from
heat lost (radiant and evaporation)
what is a direct measure of measuring energy expenditure
calorimetry
- siting in a room
what is a indirect measurement of energy expenditure
mask over the face
where does ATP come from in CHO
glucose
what is energy out (expenditure) come from
resting, thermic, physical, growth
what id Basal metabolic rate
energy expended at rest, fulfil life-sustaining functions, strict conditions
how much does muslce, liver and brain make up of BMR
60%
what is resting energy expenditure
energy expenditure at rest, fulfill life sustaining functions, no strict conditions - easier to measure
what does thermic effect of food stand for (DEE)
diet-induced energy expenditure
what is diet-induced energy expenditure
energy needed for digestion and processing of food,
how much energy does it take to digest food
10%
what does AIEE stand for
activity induced energy expenditure
if energy in is greater than energy out what type of energy is this and what does this mean
positive,
growth - weight gain
if energy in is less than energy out what type of energy balance is this and what does this lead to
negative,
weight loss
if energy in = energy out what balance is this and what does it mean for your weight
energy balance
weight stable
when their is an energy imbalance with energy in being greater than energy out what does this mean
people will gain weight
if energy in drops below energy out what will this mean
slow growth in children and people will be hungry
what type of energy balance causes obesity
energy imbalance
what is the defination of obesity
excessive body fat or abnormal that is a risk to health
obesity is a serious diease but development is not
inevitable - preventable through lifestyle
obese individuals differ in
- distribution of excess fat
- amount of excess fat stored
- associated health consequences
what are the two different distribution seen in males or females
apple (male)
pear(female)
BMI correlated with body fat r= ___
r= correlation (above 0.7)
increase BMI associated with
adverse health consequences
if some one has a BMI of 17 what are they
underweight
BMI of 20 what are they
normal - healthy
BMI 26
overweight
BMI 31
obese
why is important to classify obesity using BMI
- comparisons of weight between populations
- identify individuals w/ increased risk of morbidity and mortality
- firm basis of evaluation of interventions and to be identified
what are the results from the NZ health survey of how many children are overweight or obese
1/3
how do you prevent obesity in environment
- government goals, food industry e.g. labelling, health professional
how do you prevent obesity at individual level
education, knowledge, network and support
