Digestion Flashcards
what is digestion
process of breaking food down
micronutrients are ____ from food during digestion but not _____ ____
released, broken down
what is ingestion
taking in the food e.g. through the mouth
what enzyme does salivary glands release saliva as in the mouth
amylase breaks down carbohydrated
what is the entire GIT ringed with
circular and longitudinal muscles
what is peristalsis
moves bolus of food throughout digestive tract
what are sphincter
muscles control movement from one section to another
what is choking
big chunk of food stuck in pharynx and it stops the movement of food
what types of digestion occur in the stomach
physical and chemical digestion
food in the stomach hormone is called
gastrin
what hormones are breaks down protein in the stomach
HCl and pepsin
what is heart burn
sphincter muscles releases some of the chyme in the stomach and goes back up the oesophagus, the acid reflex creates this effect on the oesophagus - and because the heart is in this area it is called heartburn
what sphincter is in the small intestines and what does it do
pyloric sphincter
what majority occurs in small intestines
digestion and absorption
where is water and minerals reabsorbed
large intestines
what is coeliac disease cause a permanent reaction towards
intestinal reaction to dietary gluten
what area becomes damage and inflamed with coeliac disease
small intestine
the villi do what when someone has ceoeliac disease
flaten
what happens to the surface area and absorption when the villi become flat
surface are decreased and this interferes with absorption of nutrients from foo, leading to deficiencies in vitamin and minerals
coeliac disease is hereditary, however what other factor are important role
environment and genetic
If you ate a bowl of porridge for breakfast on Friday morning at 8 am, when, on average, would the remnants (undigested parts) of the porridge be “expelled” as faeces?
About 2pm on Saturday afternoon
30-40hrs after
what are probiotics , give an example
bacteria found in foods such as yoghurt
what are prebiotics
foods such as apple used by intestinal bacteria
