Digestion

Question 1

what is digestion

Answer 1

process of breaking food down

Question 2

micronutrients are ____ from food during digestion but not _____ ____

Answer 2

released, broken down

Question 3

what is ingestion

Answer 3

taking in the food e.g. through the mouth

Question 4

what enzyme does salivary glands release saliva as in the mouth

Answer 4

amylase breaks down carbohydrated

Question 5

what is the entire GIT ringed with

Answer 5

circular and longitudinal muscles

Question 6

what is peristalsis

Answer 6

moves bolus of food throughout digestive tract

Question 7

what are sphincter

Answer 7

muscles control movement from one section to another

Question 8

what is choking

Answer 8

big chunk of food stuck in pharynx and it stops the movement of food

Question 9

what types of digestion occur in the stomach

Answer 9

physical and chemical digestion

Question 10

food in the stomach hormone is called

Answer 10

gastrin

Question 11

what hormones are breaks down protein in the stomach

Answer 11

HCl and pepsin

Question 12

what is heart burn

Answer 12

sphincter muscles releases some of the chyme in the stomach and goes back up the oesophagus, the acid reflex creates this effect on the oesophagus - and because the heart is in this area it is called heartburn

Question 13

what sphincter is in the small intestines and what does it do

Answer 13

pyloric sphincter

Question 14

what majority occurs in small intestines

Answer 14

digestion and absorption

Question 15

where is water and minerals reabsorbed

Answer 15

large intestines

Question 16

what is coeliac disease cause a permanent reaction towards

Answer 16

intestinal reaction to dietary gluten

Question 17

what area becomes damage and inflamed with coeliac disease

Answer 17

small intestine

Question 18

the villi do what when someone has ceoeliac disease

Answer 18

flaten

Question 19

what happens to the surface area and absorption when the villi become flat

Answer 19

surface are decreased and this interferes with absorption of nutrients from foo, leading to deficiencies in vitamin and minerals

Question 20

coeliac disease is hereditary, however what other factor are important role

Answer 20

environment and genetic

Question 21

If you ate a bowl of porridge for breakfast on Friday morning at 8 am, when, on average, would the remnants (undigested parts) of the porridge be “expelled” as faeces?

Answer 21

About 2pm on Saturday afternoon
30-40hrs after

Question 22

what are probiotics , give an example

Answer 22

bacteria found in foods such as yoghurt

Question 23

what are prebiotics

Answer 23

foods such as apple used by intestinal bacteria