Endocrine practice questions Flashcards
What structure relays signals from the CNS to the endocrine system?
hypothalamus
Where is the hypothalamus located?
below the thalamus
Where is the pituitary gland located?
below the hypothalamus, at the base of the brain in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone
When stressed, during the alarm phase, what is the dominant hormone that is released?
first phase
epinephrine to elicit sympathetic response
pupils dilate, inc HR/ BP, inc blood flow to skeletal m., inc blood suga
NOT cortisol
When stressed, during the resistance phase, what is the dominant hormone released?
second phase
glucocorticoids - to maintain adequate blood glucose levels to deal with prolonged stress
What is the last phase of the stress response?
exhaustion
The TRH released by the hypothalamus stands for what?
thyrotropin releasing hormone
Which gland secretes hormones for metabolism, growth/ development and decreasing blood Ca?
thyroid gland
What are the hormones involved in milk production and milk let down?
- production: prolactin- anterior pituitary
- let down: oxytocin- posterior pituitary
What hormone is released to stimulate the release of HCL to aid in digestion
gastrin from stomach
What hormone is released to stimulate digestive enzyme and bile release?
secretin and CCK from intestines
What hormones are used to maintain blood calcium?
- increase: PTH / Vit D aka CALCITROL , which is the ACTIVE form of Vit D (PTH can aid in activation of Vit D in kidneys)
- decrease: calcitonin- by allowing Ca storage in compact bone aka Ca mineralization of bone
