CV practice questions Flashcards
What are the two chambers of the heart that have thiccer walls? Why?
- ventricles
- they have to pump blood to diff parts of the body (lungs and whole body)
left ventricle is the thiccest of them all bc have to pump blood to the whole body
In the cardiac cycle, what happens immediately after the AV valves open?
blood fills the ventricles
what is the cardiac cycle?
- the heart activity through one complete heartbeat (ie. one cycle of contraction and relaxation)
What are the stages of the cardiac cycle?
- ventricular relaxation: AV and SL valves are CLOSED and ventricles are relaxed
- ventricular filling: AV valve OPENS and ventricles fill with blood
- ventricular contraction: AV valve CLOSES and ventricles contract, but SL remain closed. Pressure in ventricles increases.
- ventricular ejection: pressure in the ventricles forces SL valves OPEN, forcing blood out. This phase ends when ventricle relaxes and SL valve closes.
The SA node produces an electrical signal that causes ____ to contract
both atria
What does the femoral artery supply?
lower limb (thigh and leg)
What does the subclavian artery supply?
upper limbs
What does the common carotid supply?
the head
What is the microscopic composition of cardiac muscle?
- striated
- short rectangular cells
- each cell has 1 nucleus
At which phase of the heart beat do the right and left coronary arteries fill up with blood
diastole, when the ventricles relax
A pt is a smoker, obese, 55, family hx of DM and high blood pressure. What is pt most at risk for?
HTN
pt complains of heart burn and sensation radiating down his jaw. has been exhibiting SOB. What is the first thing needed to be ruled out?
MI
What is also found in the white buffy coat along with the platelets?
WBCs
Which WBCs are phagocytic?
neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages - become phagocytic in the tissues
Which 2 valves are closed during ventricular systole?
AV valves
