endocrine lab quiz review (lab quiz 1) Flashcards
hypothalamus
antidiuretic hormone
oxytocin
regulatory hormones
Pituitary Gland
anterior lobe
posterior lobe
pituitary gland:
anterior lobe
- growth hormone
- thyroid stimulating hormone
- prolactin
- follicle stimulating hormone
luteinizing hormone - adrenocorticotropic hormone
- melanocyte stimulating hormone
pituitary gland:
posterior lobe
release of oxytocin
antidiuretic hormone
thyroid gland
thyroxine
triiodothronine
calcitonin
adrenal glands
adrenal medulla
adrenal cortex
adrenal glands:
adrenal medulla
epinephrine
norepinephrine
adrenal glands:
adrenal cortex
cortisol
corticosterone
aldosterone
androgens
pancreas
insulin
glucagon
pineal gland
melatonin
parathyroid gland
parathyroid hormone
heart
atrial natriuretic peptide
brain natriuretic peptide
thymus
thymosin
adipose tissue
leptin
digestive tract
secretes numerous hormones involved in the coordination of system function
glucose metabolism
appetite
kidneys
erythropoletine
calcitrol
testes
testosterone
inhibin
ovaries
estrogen
progesterone
inhibin
THYROID GLAND:
Name the hormones produced by the thyroid gland
Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothronine (T3)
Calcitonin
THYROID GLAND:
Where are Thyroxine (T3) and Triiodothronine (T4) stored?
thyroid gland
THYROID GLAND:
what is a follicle?
A follicle is spherical, and the wall is made up of a large number of cuboidal cells. These are the strucutural and functional units of a thyroid gland.
THYROID GLAND:
which cells make calcitonin?
parafollicular cells (c-cells)
PARATHYROID GLAND:
where are the parathyroid glands located?
The parathyroid glands are on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland, separated by a capsule.
PARATHYROID GLAND:
how many parathyroid glands do you have?
4
PARATHYROID GLAND:
what is the function of parathyroid hormone? explain
The function of the parathyroid hormone is to maintain Ca2+ in the body to maintain homeostasis.
If there is a decrease in Ca2+ levels in the blood, the parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone. This causes increased reabsorption of Ca2+ by kidneys, calcium release from bone, and increased calcitriol production causes Ca2+ absorption by the digestive tract. The Ca2+ levels increase and homeostasis is restored.
ADRENAL GLAND:
outer zone: zona__________ stimulates __________
zonaglomerulosa mineralocrticoids (aldosterone)
ADRENAL GLAND:
middle zone: zona _____________ stimulates___________
zonafasciculata
glucocorticoids (cortisol)
ADRENAL GLAND:
inner zone: zona ______________ stimulates ____________-
zonareticular
androgens (sex hormones)
ADRENAL GLAND:
adrenal medulla: releases _________ upon stimulation by the ___________
epinephrine and norepinephrine
sympathetic neural axons
PANCREAS:
what % of the pancreas is endocrine?
2%
PANCREAS:
these hormones regulate blood ________
glucose (sugar)
PANCREAS:
Name the different cells in the Islets of Langerhans and name the hormones produced by those cells.
alpha cells secrete glucagon
beta cells secrete insulin
delta cells secrete somatostatin
PANCREAS:
Insulin and Glucagon are antigonistic in function. explain.
opposite in function
insulin: decreases the level of glucose in blood
converts glucose into glycogen
glucagon: increases the level of glucose in blood
converts glycogen into glucose
name two other hormones that are antagonistic in function.
parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
parathyroid hormone: is secreted when Ca2+ levels are too low
calcitonin: is secreted when Ca2+ levels are too high
