endocrine glands and hormones

Question 1

pituitary gland

Answer 1

• TSH
• Growth hormone (somatotrophin)
• adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)

Question 2

TSH

Answer 2

• pituitary gland
• hypothalamus
• stimulates release of thyroid hormone

Question 3

Growth hormone (somatotrophin)

Answer 3

• pituitary gland
• hypothalamus
• controls epiphyseal growth and protein production; regulates the use of energy

Question 4

Adrenocorticotrophic (ACTH)

Answer 4

• pituitary gland
• hypothalamus
• controls release of adrenocortical hormone

Question 5

prolactin

Answer 5

• pituitary gland

- stimulates development of mammary glands and secretion of milk

Question 6

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 6

• pituitary gland
• photoperiod, environmental temp and pheromones all effect the hypothalamus
• stimulates development of follicles in ovary

Question 7

luteinising hormones (LH)

Answer 7

• pituitary gland
• Oestrogen secreted by the ovarian follicles
• causes ruptures of the follicles (ovulation) and development of the corpus luteum

Question 8

Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)

Answer 8

• pituitary gland

- stimulates secretion of testosterone from interstitial cells

Question 9

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 9

• pituitary-posterior
• status of extracellular fluid and plasma
• acts on collecting ducts of the kidney- alters permeability of water

Question 10

oxytocin

Answer 10

• pituitary-posterior

- stimulates uterine contractions during parturition ‘ milk let down’

Question 11

Thyroxin

Answer 11

• thyroid
• Stimulus for secretion of TSH
• controls metabolic rate and is essential for normal growth

Question 12

calcitonin

Answer 12

• thyroid
• raised blood calcium levels
• decreases resorption of calcium from the bones

Question 13

parathormone

Answer 13

• parathyroid
• lowered levels of blood calcium levels
• stimulates calcium resorption from the bones: promotes calcium uptake from intestine

Question 14

insulin

Answer 14

• pancreas
• raised blood glucose levels particularly after feeding
• increases uptake of glucose into the cells; stores excess glucose as glycogen in the liver

Question 15

glucagon

Answer 15

• pancreas
• lowered blood glucose levels
• release of stored glucogen from the liver to be converted onto glucose

Question 16

somatostatin

Answer 16

• pancreas

- mild inhibition of insulin and glucagon; prevents wild swings in blood glucose levels

Question 17

oestrogen

Answer 17

• follicle
• FSH
• signs of oestrus; preparation of the reproductive tract and external genitalia for coitus

Question 18

progestrone

Answer 18

• corpus luteum
• LH
• prep of repro tract for pregancy and development of mammary glands ; maintain preg

Question 19

relaxin

Answer 19

• corpus luteum

- mild inhibtion of insulin and glucagon; prevents wild swing in the blood glucose levels

Question 20

testosterone

Answer 20

• testis
• ICSH
• male characteristics and behaviour; sperm development

Question 21

adrenaline ( epinephrine)

noradrenline ( norepinephrine)

Answer 21

• medulla
• sympathertic nervous system
• fear fright, flight sydrome

Question 22

glucorticoids

Answer 22

• cortex
• ACTH
• raises blood glucose level; reduce the inflammatory response

Question 23

mineralocorticiods - aldosterone

Answer 23

• cortex
• status of ECF and plasma
• acts on distal convolted tublues of kidney
• regulates sodium uptake of hydrigen ions