endocrine glands and hormones Flashcards
pituitary gland
- TSH
- Growth hormone (somatotrophin)
- adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
TSH
- pituitary gland
- hypothalamus
- stimulates release of thyroid hormone
Growth hormone (somatotrophin)
- pituitary gland
- hypothalamus
- controls epiphyseal growth and protein production; regulates the use of energy
Adrenocorticotrophic (ACTH)
- pituitary gland
- hypothalamus
- controls release of adrenocortical hormone
prolactin
- pituitary gland
- stimulates development of mammary glands and secretion of milk
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- pituitary gland
- photoperiod, environmental temp and pheromones all effect the hypothalamus
- stimulates development of follicles in ovary
luteinising hormones (LH)
- pituitary gland
- Oestrogen secreted by the ovarian follicles
- causes ruptures of the follicles (ovulation) and development of the corpus luteum
Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)
- pituitary gland
- stimulates secretion of testosterone from interstitial cells
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- pituitary-posterior
- status of extracellular fluid and plasma
- acts on collecting ducts of the kidney- alters permeability of water
oxytocin
- pituitary-posterior
- stimulates uterine contractions during parturition ‘ milk let down’
Thyroxin
- thyroid
- Stimulus for secretion of TSH
- controls metabolic rate and is essential for normal growth
calcitonin
- thyroid
- raised blood calcium levels
- decreases resorption of calcium from the bones
parathormone
- parathyroid
- lowered levels of blood calcium levels
- stimulates calcium resorption from the bones: promotes calcium uptake from intestine
insulin
- pancreas
- raised blood glucose levels particularly after feeding
- increases uptake of glucose into the cells; stores excess glucose as glycogen in the liver
glucagon
- pancreas
- lowered blood glucose levels
- release of stored glucogen from the liver to be converted onto glucose
somatostatin
- pancreas
- mild inhibition of insulin and glucagon; prevents wild swings in blood glucose levels
oestrogen
- follicle
- FSH
- signs of oestrus; preparation of the reproductive tract and external genitalia for coitus
progestrone
- corpus luteum
- LH
- prep of repro tract for pregancy and development of mammary glands ; maintain preg
relaxin
- corpus luteum
- mild inhibtion of insulin and glucagon; prevents wild swing in the blood glucose levels
testosterone
- testis
- ICSH
- male characteristics and behaviour; sperm development
adrenaline ( epinephrine)
noradrenline ( norepinephrine)
- medulla
- sympathertic nervous system
- fear fright, flight sydrome
glucorticoids
- cortex
- ACTH
- raises blood glucose level; reduce the inflammatory response
mineralocorticiods - aldosterone
- cortex
- status of ECF and plasma
- acts on distal convolted tublues of kidney
- regulates sodium uptake of hydrigen ions
