5.nervous system Flashcards
functions of nervous system
- receive stimuli from externial and internal enviro
- analyse and the intergrate these stimuli
- bring about necessary response
myelin
is a lipoprotein material made by schwann cells surrounding the axon
- interupted by spaces called nodes of ranvier and through this that the axon tissue recevies its nurtients and oxygen
sensory
carry impulses towards the CNS
motor
carry impulse away from CNS
mixed nerves
carry both
afferent nerves
carry impulses towards the structure ususally CNS
efferent nerves
carry impulses away from the structure ususally CNS
parts of the forebrain
cerebrum
thalamus
hypothlamus
corpus callosum
links the right and left hemisphere together
cerebral cortex
outer layer of grey matter containing millions of cell bodies
functions of the hypothalamus
- acts as link between the endocrine and ns
- helps control ANS by influcing range if involunatry actions
- exters major influeneves over homestatsis in the body by influcnecing osmotic body fluids.
found on ventral surface of forebrain
- optic chiama
- pituarty gland
- olfactory bubli
parts of the hindbrain
cerebellum
pons
medulla oblongata
function of pons
contains centres that control respiration
function of medulla oblongata
extends from pons and merges into the spinal cord
- contains centres responsible for the control of respiration and BP
functions of cerebellum
- dorsal surface of hindbrain
- controls balance and coordination
- receives info from semicircular canals of inner ear and muscles spindles within skeletal muscles
3 layers of meninges
- dura mater ( tough fibrous layer )
- arachonoid mater ( netwrok of collegn fibres and larger blood vessels)
- pia mater ( delicate membrane that adheres to brain, spinal cord and follows gyri and sulici)
2 componets of each spinal nerve
- dorsal root ( carries sensory fibers towards the spinal cord)
- ventral root ( carries motor fibers away from spinal cord)
nerves in the pectoral limb
radial nerve
median nerve
ulnar nerve
nerves in pelvic limb
femoral nerve
saphenous nerve
sciatic nerve
tibial nerve
reflex arc
- muscle stregthes
- innitates response in the muscle spcindles and a nerve impulse passes along the sensory nerve to the spinal cord
- within the grey matter of the spinal cord the sensory nerve synapses with the motor nerve and impulse passes along it to the muslce fibers causing contraction
- extends or kicks out the leg completing the reflex arc
where is manly symp functions from
T1 to L1
