Emotion and Motivation Flashcards

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1
Q

Primary Emotions

A

innate, universal across cultures
anger, fear, sadness, disgust, happiness, surprise, and contempt

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2
Q

Secondary Emotions

A

a blend of primary emotions, or emotions that relate to culturally specific values
guilt, shame, jealousy, pride, honor, love, social regard

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3
Q

Circumplex Model

A

emotions are plotted along two continuums
valence = how negative or positive
arousal = physiological activation

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4
Q

Insula

A

plays a role in the experience of bodily self-awareness, receiving somatosensory signals from the body, highly involved in feelings of disgust

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5
Q

Amygdala

A

processes the emotional significance of stimuli and it generates immediate emotional and behavioral reactions

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6
Q

Fast Processing Pathway

A

travels straight through the thalamus to the amygdala
low level visual info
hypothetical threat in your environment

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7
Q

Slow Processing Pathway

A

processed in the thalamus, sent to other parts of the brain (ex. visual vortex) and then sent to the amygdala is there is still danger

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8
Q

Limbic System

A

subcortical brain structures that are involved in emotion

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9
Q

Plygraph

A

an electronic instrument that assesses the body’s physiological response to a stimulus (lie detector)

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10
Q

Common perception of emotions

A

a stimulus causes fear and fear causes arousal

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11
Q

James - Langue Theory

A

first comes the physical response, then comes the emotion
making a facial expression like a smile makes things funnier to you

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12
Q

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

A

the idea that you can activate an emotion by molding your facial muscles into the associated expression

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13
Q

Cannon - Bard Theory

A

Emotion and Arousal happen at the same time

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14
Q

Schacter - Singer Two-Factor Theory

A

the label that you give to your physiological arousal results in the experience of an emotion

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15
Q

Facial Expressions

A

Darwin said they were adaptive (the same across cultures), he was right

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16
Q

Display Rules

A

rules learned through socialization that dictate which emotions are suitable to given situations

17
Q

Ideal Affect

A

the types of emotions that cultures value and encourage people to display
Americans prefer high-arousal emotions like excitement
Asian cultures prefer low-arousal emotions like calmness

18
Q

Bad emotional control strategies

A

rumination
supression

19
Q

4 Effects of motivational States

A

energizing
directive
help us persist
differ in strength

20
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A
  1. survival needs
  2. Safety needs
  3. belonging and love
  4. esteem
  5. self-actualization (living to full potential, achieve your best self)
21
Q

Yerkes - Dodson Law

A

performance increases with arousal up to a moderate point. after than, arousal impair performance

22
Q

Extrinsic Motivation

A

motivation to perform because of external goals (paycheck)

23
Q

Intrinsic Motivation

A

motivation to perform because of the pleasure associated with the activity

24
Q

Hedonsim

A

humans’ desire for pleasantness and avoidance of unpleasantness

25
Q

Self-efficacy

A

the expectation that your efforts will lead to success

26
Q

Hot cognition

A

focusing on what you want, reminding yourself you want it

27
Q

Cold cognition

A

turning the desired item into something undesired

28
Q

Sexual Strategies Theory

A

a theory that maintains that women and men have evolved distinct mating strategies because they faced different adaptive problems over the course of human history