Emotion and mental health

Question 1

What are the 5 components of emotion?

Answer 1

Subjective experience
Internal bodily responses
Thought/action tendencies
Facial expression
Cognitive Appraisal

Question 2

What are Ekman & Friesen’s 6 basic biologically programmed emotional states?

Answer 2

Happiness
Sadness
Fear
Anger
Surprise 
Disgust

Question 3

What did Hohman investigate with patients with spinal injuries?

Answer 3

If injury caused a change in intensity of emotions - found that both fear and anger decrease after the injury. The lower down the spine the injury, less change in emotion.

Question 4

What did Ekman investigate about the physiological differentiation of emotions?

Answer 4

Different emotions have a different physical sense - he measured peripheral events e..g heart rate, skin temp in relation to emotion. Found that anger had an 8% change in heart rate. Little changes in temp.

Question 5

What emotions is low heart rate associated with?

Answer 5

Happy
Disgust
Surprise

Question 6

What emotions is high heart rate associated with?

Answer 6

Anger
Fear
Sad

Question 7

What is James-Lange’s pattern theory of emotion?

Answer 7

There is an event, the body responds physiologically and then this causes the experience of emotions

Question 8

What is Schachter and Singer’s cognitive theory of emotions?

Answer 8

There is an encounter which causes physiological response, but it is COGNITIVE APPRAISAL of the arousal that causes the experience of emotion

Question 9

How did Schachter and Singer test their cognitive theory of emotions?

Answer 9

Give people a shot of adrenaline/saline. Some told correct info on how they will feel, some told incorrect, some told nothing. There is an accomplice in the waiting room who is either happy, angry or neutral.
Greatest change was in those who received no information - no label on what is happening so you buy into the emotional atmosphere of the guy next to you.

Question 10

What is the appraisal theory of emotion?

Answer 10

Emotions are mostly appraised responses to events - certain appraisals are associated with specific emotions
e.g. desirable = happiness

Question 11

How do we detect other’s internal states?

Answer 11

Facial expression, tone of voice, body language

Question 12

What have we developed that allows us to interpret others internal states, at what age?

Answer 12

Theory of mind

Age 4

Question 13

Which children may not develop theory of mind?

Answer 13

Autistic children

Question 14

How is emotion regulated?

Answer 14

physiological element -brain systems and neurotransmitters - serotonin and hypothalamus
++
social element - amygdala and emotion processing: fear condition, rapid processing, specialised

Question 15

Is it possible to teach people facial expression recognition?

Answer 15

Hopefully yes

Question 16

What happened in the case of bilateral brain damage?

Answer 16

Patient could function normally but couldn’t detect fear as an emotion unless you gave her instructions - amygdala is a driver of where to look to register emotion and this was damaged.
Failure to fixate on eyes.

Question 17

What are the social learning approaches for acquisition of emotion?

Answer 17

Imitation via observational learning and modelling

Reinforcement - reward/punishment

Question 18

What did Bandura show in his studies about acquisition and social learning of emotion?

Answer 18

Children influenced by TV viewing, boys most at risk of anger

Question 19

What 3 life aspects contribute to positive psychology and a longer life?

Answer 19

Pleasant life (positive about past, present an future)
Engaged life (positive individual traits)
Meaningful life (service to organisations, community)