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Year 3 Exams > Emergency medication and doses > Flashcards

Emergency medication and doses Flashcards

1
Q

Epinephrine in the pharmacological management of anaphylaxis

A

0.5mg (500micrograms) adrenaline IM (1:1000) - middle third of the anterolateral thigh

  • repeat after 5 mins if no response
  • give every 5 mins if persists until help arrives
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2
Q

Epinephrine in the pharmacological management of cardiac arrest

A
  • 1mg of adrenaline (10mls of 1:10,000 solution)
    • (given after 3 cycles of CPR)
  • Repeat adrenaline 1mg every 3-5 minutes whilst ALS continues
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3
Q

defibrillation advice

A
  • 1 shock for VF/pulseless VT followed by 2 minutes of CPR
  • 3 quick successive shocks if the cardiac arrested is witnessed in a monitored patient (e.g. in a coronary care unit)
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4
Q

Hydrocortisone in the management of asthma exacerbation

A

100mg every 6 hours (IV) until conversion to oral prednisolone is possible

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5
Q

Hydrocortisone in the management of anaphylaxis

A

100mg IV delivered adjunct to adrenaline

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6
Q

Hydrocortisone in the management of Addisonian crisis

A

100mg IM or IV, then continuous IV infusion 200mg every 24h

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7
Q

Chlorphenamine in the management of anaphylaxis

A

antihistamine (IV or IM)

  • 10 mg, repeated if necessary; maximum 4 doses per day
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8
Q

Atropine in the management of post-MI brady cardia

A
  • 500 micrograms every 3–5 minutes; maximum 3 mg per course
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9
Q

Aspirin in the management of unstable angina, NSTEMI, STEMI

A

300mg

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10
Q

Aspirin in the management of secondary prevention of CVD

A
  • 75mg (baby aspirin)
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11
Q

Aspirin in the management of TIA

A

300mg once daily

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12
Q

Aspirin in the management of ischaemic stroke

A
  • 300mg
  • Initiated 24h after thrombolysis or as soon as possible within 48 hours of symptoms in patients not receiving thrombolysis
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13
Q

Aspirin in the management of AF

A
  • 300mg for 14 days
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14
Q

Clopidogrel in the management of ACS- NSTEMI

A

Loading dose 300 mg, then 75 mg daily for up to 12 months.

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15
Q

Clopidogrel in the management of ACS- STEMI

A
  • Loading dose 300 mg, then 75 mg daily for at least 4 weeks
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16
Q

Calcium gluconate in the management of hyperkalaemia

A

Stabilises myocardium

  • 30 mL of 10% calcium gluconate IV
  • if no improvement in ECG within 5 to 10 minutes repeat
17
Q

Insulin/dextrose infusion in the management of hyperkalaemia

A
  • 10 unit of Actrarapid in 50mls of 50% dextrose IV over 15 mins

Measure CBG at 0,15 and 30 minutes after starting treatment

18
Q

emergency management of hypoglycaemia

A
  • Fluid resus
  • Glucose
    • PO- if they can swallow
    • IV
19
Q

Diazepam in the management of seizures (status epilepticus, febrile convulsion)

A
  • IV 10mg, then 10mg afters 10 mins if required, administered at a rate of 1mL per min
  • By rectum- 10-20mg, then 10-20 mg after 10-15 mins if required
20
Q

Lorazepam in the management of seizures (status epilepticus, febrile convulsion)

A
  • 4mg for 1 dose, then 4mg after 10 minutes if required (IV)
21
Q

Salbutamol in the management of acute asthma

A
  • 5mg
  • Repeat every 20-30 mins when require
  • Give via oxygen driven nebuliser
22
Q

Salbutamol in the management of hyperkalaemia

A

10-20mg

23
Q

Prednisolone in the management of asthma

A
  • 40-50mg daily for at least 5 days
24
Q

Prednisolone in the management of COPD exacerbation

A

30mg daily for 7-14 days

25
Q

Prednisolone in the management of severe croup

A

1-2mg/kg

26
Q

Prednisolone in the management of UC/Crohns exacerbation

A
  • 20-40mg daily until remission
  • By mouth
27
Q

Prednisolone in the management of allergic disorders

A

60mg daily

28
Q

Morphine in the management of MI

A

Slow IV injection- 5-10mg, followed by 5-10mg if required, delivered at rate of 1-2mg/minute

29
Q

Morphine in the management of pain

A

PO, subcut or IM 10mg every 4 hours

30
Q

Morphine in the management of cough/SoB

A
  • 5mg every 4 hours
31
Q

naloxone in the management of opioid overdoses

A
  • IV
  • 400micrograms, then 800micrograms for up to 2 doses at 1minute intervals if no response to preceding dose, then increased to 2mg for 1 dose if still no response
  • Non medical setting
    • IM injection
      • 400 micrograms every 2-3 mins
32
Q

IV fluid prescribing in the management of hypovoleamia (<90)

A
  • IV infusion
  • Initially 500mL, NaCl 0.9% over 15 mins
  • Repeat if BP remains <90mmHg
  • If congestive failure or renal problems give 30mins
33
Q

IV fluid prescribing for NBM

A

maintenance fluids

30ml/kg/day of water

1mmol/kg/day Na,K and Cl

50g of glucose

34
Q

IV fluid prescribing in DKA

A
  • (if systolic <90mmHg)
    • IV infusion
    • Initially 500mL, NaCl 0.9% over 15 mins
    • Repeat if BP remains <90mmHg
    • Add potassium

then give Insulin

35
Q

IV fluid prescribing in HSS

A
  • IV infusion
    • 500ml NaCl 0.9% over 15 mins
    • Serum osmolality aim 3-8mOsm/kg/hour
  • dont give insulin- hypoglycaemic risk

Year 3 Exams (25 decks)

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