Embryological Derivatives Flashcards
1
Q
Surface ectoderm
(ECTODERM)
A
- Anterior pituitary (Rathke pouch)
- Lens & cornea
- Inner ear sensory organs, olfactory epithelium
- Nasal & oral epithelial linings, salivary glands
- Epidermis, sweat & mammary glands
2
Q
Neural tube
(ECTODERM)
A
- Brain & spinal cord
- Posterior pituitary, pineal gland
- Retina
3
Q
Neural crest
(ECTODERM)
A
- Neural ganglia, adrenal medulla
- Schwann cells; pia & arachnoid mater
- Aorticopulmonary septum & endocardial cushions
- Branchial arches (bones & cartilage)
- Skull bones
- Melanocytes
4
Q
Mesoderm
A
- Muscles (skeletal, cardiac & smooth)
- Connective tissue, bone & cartilage
- Serosal linings (e.g., peritoneum)
- Cardiovascular & lymphatic system
- Spleen & hemopoietic cells
- Kidney & ureters, internal genitalia
- Adrenal cortex
5
Q
Endoderm
A
- Gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas
- Lungs
- Thymus, parathyroids, thyroid follicular cells
- Middle ear epithelium
- Bladder & urethra
- Parafollicular (C) cells*
6
Q
Brain development and derivatives
Prosencephalon
- Telencephalon:
A
- Cerebral hemisphere
- Lateral Ventricles
7
Q
Prosencephalon
- Diencephalon:
A
- Thalamus
- 3rd Ventricle
8
Q
Mesencephalon
A
Mid Brain & Aqueduct
9
Q
Rhombencephalon
Metencephalon
A
Pons, Cerebellum & Upper 4th Ventricle
10
Q
Rhombencephalon
Myelencephalon
A
Medulla & Lower 4th Ventricle
11
Q
1st Aortic arch
A
Forms Maxillary artery
12
Q
2nd Aortic Arch
A
Stapedial and Hyoid arteries
13
Q
3rd Aortic Arch
A
- Common carotid arteries
- Proximal internal Carotid arteries
14
Q
4th Aortic Arch
A
- Left: Aortic arch
- Right: Proximal Right Subclavian artery
5th aortic arch regresses
15
Q
6th Aortic Arch
A
- Proximal Pulmonary arteria
- Ductus arteriosis
16
Q
Brachial Apparatus
A
Aka Pharyngeal apparatus
- Clefts: Derived from Ectoderm
- Arches: Derived from Mesoderm
- Pouches: Derived from Endoderm
17
Q
1st Brachial arch
A
- Trigeminal Nerve (CN-V)
- Meckels cartilage — Malleus, Incus & template for mandible
- Muscles of Mastication
18
Q
2nd Brachial Arch
A
- Facial Nerve (CN-VII)
- Reihert’s cartilage — Stapes & Upper part of Hyoid
- Muscles of facial expression
19
Q
3rd Brachial arch
A
- Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN-IX)
- Remainder of hyoid
- Stylopharyngeus
- Common internal & external Carotid arteries
20
Q
4th Brachial arch
A
- Vagus Nerve (CN-X)
- Cartilages of larynx
- Circothyroid, Levator palatini, constrictors of pharynx muscles
- Aorta (left) , Brachiocephalic (right)
21
Q
6th Brachial arch
A
- Vagus Nerve (CN-X)
- Cartilages of larynx
- Intrinsic Muscles of Pharynx
- Pulmonary arteries
22
Q
1st Brachial Pouch
A
- Middle ear cavity
- Eustachian tube
- Mastoid air cells
23
Q
2nd Brachial Pouch
A
Develops into epithelial lining of palatine tonsils
24
Q
3rd Brachial Pouch
A
- Dorsal wings develop into inf. Parathyroid
- Ventral wings develop into Thymus
25
Q
4th Brachial Pouch
A
Dorsal wing develops into superior Parathyroid
