Electrolyte And Blood Meds

Question 1

Sodium bicarbonate treats

Answer 1

Hyponatremia

Question 2

Sodium bicarbonate MOA

Answer 2

Dissociates to provide bicarbonate ion which neutralizes ion conc and raises blood / urinary pH
- increases Na conc in plasma

Question 3

Sodium bicarbonate indications

Answer 3

Metabolic acidosis, acid base imbalance, hyponatremia

Question 4

Sodium bicarbonate se

Answer 4

• edema
• cerebral hemorrhage
• hypernatremia
• lots of electrolyte abnormalities
• metabolic alkalosis
• flatulence with PO
• tetany
• pulmonary edema
• heart failure exacerbation

Question 5

Sodium bicarbonate nc

Answer 5

-PO: dont give IV —> vesicant, injures bv
- monitor cardiac, ABGs, and electrolytes
- monitor IV patency
- lots of drug interactions
- give 1-3 hrs before or after meals to allow for better absorption

Question 6

Potassium chloride treats

Answer 6

Hypokalemia

Question 7

Potassium chloride (KCl) indications

Answer 7

K depletions when dietary measures are inadequate

Question 8

potassium chloride nc

Answer 8

• oral/liquid: dilute with water or juice to dec GI distress (tastes terrible)
• ALWAYS diluted and NEVER IVP
• IV: diluted and administered slowly
• pts need measurable output
• may cause phlebitis/pain
• IV solutions should not contain more than 40 mEq and rate not larger than 10-20 mEq

Question 9

Potassium chloride se

Answer 9

• may cause GI ulcer/bleeding
• assess for N/V
• tastes terrible
• no for renal failure bc expected to already have a high K bc already can’t excrete it
• question if pt is on dialysis

Question 10

Serious affects of KCl

Answer 10

• ventricular fibrillation if undiluted
• never IVP
• usually given in K runs over an hour

Question 11

Treatment for Hyperkalemia

Answer 11

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate

Question 12

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate class

Answer 12

Cation ion exchange

Question 13

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate route

Answer 13

• oral suspension
• oral and rectal powder
• rectal enema

Question 14

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate indications

Answer 14

Hyperkalemia

Question 15

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate MOA

Answer 15

Kayexalate binds to K in digestive tract replacing K ion for Na ion
- binds to K and then poop the excess out

Question 16

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate se

Answer 16

• only use if normal bowel function
• constipation, diarrhea, N/V
• hypokalemia
• Serious: intestinal obstruction or necrosis

Question 17

D50/insulin indication

Answer 17

Hyperkalemia

Question 18

D50./insulin MOA

Answer 18

Insulin shifts K into the cell, then use 1 ampule of D50 to prevent hypoglycemia

Question 19

Magnesium sulfate and magnesium oxide MOA

Answer 19

Replaces mg

Question 20

Magnesium sulfate and magnesium oxide indications

Answer 20

Hypomagnesium
- prevent/treat seizures in pre/eclampsia
- treat cardiac rhythm distubances
- constipation (po)

Question 21

Magnesium sulfate and magnesium oxide se

Answer 21

• hypermag—> confusion, sluggish, slow movements, SOB, N, dizziness (low Ca), abnormal heart rhythm
• can burn when given IV

Question 22

Magnesium oxide

Answer 22

Antacid, can be given for long term low mag

Question 23

Filgrastim MOA

Answer 23

Promotes proliferation, differentiation, activation of cells that make Granulocytes

Question 24

Filgrastim indications

Answer 24

Malignancies, chemo induced leukopenia, bone marrow transplant, harvesting hematopoietic stem cells, chronic neutropenia

Question 25

filgrastim routes

Answer 25

PO, SQ

Question 26

Filgrastim se

Answer 26

Bone pain
Leukocytosis

Question 27

Peg filgrastim MOA

Answer 27

Inc production of neutrophils

Question 28

Peg filgrastim route

Answer 28

SQ

Question 29

Peg filgrastim se

Answer 29

Bone pain

Question 30

Peg filgrastim nc

Answer 30

Long acting derivative of filgrastim
- Pegylated= delayed excretion by the kidneys
- half life inc to 17 hours so typically taken once a day