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Esthetics > Electricity & Electrical Equipment > Flashcards

Electricity & Electrical Equipment Flashcards

1
Q

A form of energy that produces light, heat, magnetic and chemical changes.

A

Electricity

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2
Q

Electricity travels in a _______.

A

Circuit

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3
Q

The flow of electricity along a conductor is known as?

A

Electric current or modality

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4
Q

A constant electrical current in which electrons move at an even rate and flow in only one direction.

A

Direct current

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5
Q

A current that is a rapid oscillating cycle that alternates back and forth, allowing electrons to flow first in one direction than the other.

A

Alternating current

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6
Q

The number of times electrical cycling occurs is the _______.

A

Frequency

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7
Q

A _____ changes DC to AC.

A

Converter

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8
Q

A ______ changes AC to DC.

A

Rectifier

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9
Q

Indicates the number of cycles per second that a generator alternates currents.

A

Hertz rating

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10
Q

Materials that transport electricity easily.

A

Conductors

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11
Q

What are the two best conductors?

A

Silver and copper (others include aluminum, water, metals, carbon)

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12
Q

A material that doesn’t allow a current to pass through it.

A

Insulator

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13
Q

What are some examples of insulators?

A

Silk, dry air, plastic, rubber, wood, glass, brick, cloth, and some liquids

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14
Q

A machine that covers mechanical energy into electrical energy.

A

Generator

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15
Q

The unit of measurement for electrical strength.

A

Amp

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16
Q

The unit of measurement for electrical pressure.

A

Volt

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17
Q

The unit of measurement for electrical resistance.

A

Ohm

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18
Q

The unit of measurement for electricity used.

A

Watt

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19
Q

The ______ indicates the number of electrons flowing through a particular line.

A

Amp rating

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20
Q

1/1000th of an amp

A

Milliamperes

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21
Q

The instrument used to measure the electrical current used in skin care equipment.

A

Miliamperemeter.

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22
Q

The typical household is wired for ____ volts.

A

110

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23
Q

The resistance to the motion of the electrons through a conductor.

A

Ohms ratinf

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24
Q

1,000 watts equals ______.

A

1 killowatt

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25
Q

The rate at which energy is used is measured in ________.

A

Kilowatt hours

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26
Q

A rating that means the appliance has been certified to operate safely under the conditions specified in the instructions.

A

Underwriters laboratory or UL

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27
Q

A closed electric path.

A

Circuit.

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28
Q

A broken electrical path.

A

Open circuit

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29
Q

A device called a _____ indicates the amount of current flowing through the equipment and regulates the amount with a dial.

A

Rheostat

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30
Q

The technical term for any appliance that requires electricity in order to work.

A

Load

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31
Q

When too many appliances are put on the same circuit and operate at the same time causing more flow than designed to carry.

A

Overload

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32
Q

If a fire occurs as a result from an overload you should:

A

Don’t extinguish with water, use a fire extinguisher, call 911

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33
Q

When a conductor comes in contact with a wire carrying current to a load.

A

Short circuit

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34
Q

The carefully insulated location where the electric current enters a building from a generator.

A

Power box

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35
Q

A safety device that prevents electrics wires from overheating.

A

Fuse

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36
Q

Breaks the flow of current when an overload occurs. Contains two pieces of metal that make contact with each other to allow the flow of electric current.

A

Circuit breaker

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37
Q

A 3 wire safety device system that has two rectangular prongs and one circular prong.

A

Grounding wire

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38
Q

Human contact with an electric current causes ________.

A

Electrical shock

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39
Q

A ________ passes through a small part of the body and can cause burns and muscle contractions.

A

Local shock

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40
Q

A _________ passes through the nervous system. Causes the heart to stop and breathing to cease and muscles to convulse.

A

General shock

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41
Q

A _________ outlet should be installed in any area where water and electricity could come into contact.

A

Ground fault circuit interruptor

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42
Q

What does PASS stand for in regards to operating a fire extinguisher?

A

Pull the pin, aim the hose, squeeze the handle, spray chemical discharge back and forth

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43
Q

The only constant direct current of low voltage and high amperage that produces an electrochemical effect.

A

Galvanic current

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44
Q

Forcing water soluble skin care products into the skin with galvanic current. This allows deeper penetration and max benefits.

A

Ionization

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45
Q

_______ current occurs when the current passes through particular acid (positive) or alkaline (negative) solutions and passes current I body tissues.

A

Galvanic

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46
Q

The process of forcing a water based solution into the skin by applying galvanic current to the solution.

A

Phoresis

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47
Q

Allow an alkaline solution to enter the skin when assisted by galvanic current and the negative pole of an electrode.

A

Anaphoresis

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48
Q

A treatment in which blockages in the skin are broken down with anaphoresis.

A

Deincrustation

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49
Q

Allows an acidic solution to enter the skin when assisted by galvanic current and the positive pole of an electrode.

A

Cataphoresis

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50
Q

A treatment in which the deeper layers of the epidermis are built up or nourished with cataphoresis.

A

Iontophoresis

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51
Q

_____ means having opposite poles in an electric current.

A

Polarity

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52
Q

Negatively or positively charged poles that attract or repel the negatively or positively charged particles in the treatment solutions.

A

Electrodes

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53
Q

With galvanic treatments two separate electrodes are used. The esthetician holds the _____ electrode and moves it across the skin to the one in the clients hand.

A

Active

54
Q

A negatively charged electrode.

A

Cathode

55
Q

A positively charged electrode.

A

Anode

56
Q

Switches the current from negative to positive on an electrical machine.

A

Polarity changer

57
Q

I’m deincrustation the client holds the _____ electrode.

A

Positive

58
Q

In iontophoresis the client holds the _____ electrode.

A

Negative

59
Q

If both polarities are used during a galvanic treatment always finish with the _____ polarity.

A

Positive

60
Q

An alternating current that can be adjusted to different voltages to produce heat and uses glass electrodes filled with gas.

A

High frequency current or Tesla

61
Q

What two gases are used inside a glass electrode.

A

Argon or neon

62
Q

_____ gas is typically used in the glass electrodes for acne type lesions.

A

Argon

63
Q

______ gas is typically used in glass electrodes with normal to oily skin.

A

Neon

64
Q

When oxygen in the air around the glass electrode is electrified it creates ______ close to the skins surface which is germicidal and drying.

A

Ozone gas

65
Q

What gas is typically used for sparking?

A

Argon

66
Q

Slowly lifting a glass electrode away from the skin to allow more oxygen in, to produce more ozone.

A

Sparking or spark gap

67
Q

A glass electrode should never be lifted more than a ____ inch from the skins surface.

A

1/4

68
Q

Method where the skin care specialist holds the electrode and applies it directly to the clients face. Used to treat oily and congested skin.

A

Direct high frequency

69
Q

Method where the esthetician does not apply the current to the surface of the skin, and the client holds the indirect electrode and the esthetician massages the skin.

A

Indirect high frequency

70
Q

Always turn the current ___ before passing glass electrode.

A

Off

71
Q

An alternating current that is interrupted to produce a mechanical, non chemical reaction. It is soothing and relaxing and may help muscle tone.

A

Faradic current

72
Q

During the ________ method, the esthetician places both electrodes on the clients skin, and they are slowly turned up after application then decreased before removal.

A

Direct faradic

73
Q

The most frequently used application _______, involves the esthetician wear a wristband with a moistened electrode and the second is wrapped in moist cotton and placed in the clients hand.

A

Indirect faradic

74
Q

An alternating current that produces a mechanical effect, that penetrates more deeply and provides greater stimulation. Generally for older clients and only for 20 minutes.

A

Sinusoidal currenr

75
Q

Check electrical cords often for:

A

Frays, cracks, loose plugs

76
Q

Do not use _____ based products during electrical treatments.

A

Alcohol

77
Q

Do not exceed __ minutes per treatment for galvanic current.

A

6

78
Q

Do not exceed __ minutes per treatment for direct high frequency.

A

5

79
Q

Do not exceed __ minutes per treatment for indirect high frequency.

A

7

80
Q

Do not exceed __ minutes per treatment for sinusoidal.

A

30

81
Q

What are some contraindications for electrotherapy?

A

Pregnancy, heart conditions, epilepsy, high blood pressure, cuts, diabetes, couperose capillaries, and metal plates and pins

82
Q

Produces beneficial effects on the body’s through the use of light rays or waves.

A

Light therapy

83
Q

The transfer of heat energy through empty air space (vacuum).

A

Radiation

84
Q

When heat energy is transferred by radiation, these electrons move in wave like patterns called _________.

A

Electromagnetic radiation

85
Q

Measuring a wave from one crest to the next.

A

Wavelength

86
Q

The range of all wavelengths that can be produced by radiant energy.

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

87
Q

The shorter the wavelength, the _____ energy the wave is carrying.

A

More

88
Q

The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum humans can see.

A

Visible light

89
Q

Combination light, that can be broken into individual wavelengths by a prism.

A

White lights

90
Q

The wavelengths that produce red are the ______ and the wavelengths that produce violet are the _______.

A

Longest. Shortest.

91
Q

What are the two main types of light?

A

Visible and white light

92
Q

What are the two types of white light?

A

Fluorescent and incandescent

93
Q

An economical and long lasting light source that creates blue tones or cool tones.

A

Fluorescent light

94
Q

The kind of light provided by an ordinary light bulb. Is usually provides warm or red tones.

A

Incandescent light

95
Q

What kind of light creates the closest substitute for natural sunlight?

A

Incandescent

96
Q

The range of light not visible to the human eye and comes in 2 types.

A

Invisible light

97
Q

Invisible rays slightly longer than the wavelengths that produce the visible light rays seen as the color red. They can penetrate all other layers of the skin.

A

Infrared rays

98
Q

Invisible rays slightly shorter than wavelengths that produce the visible light rays seen as the color violet.

A

Ultraviolet rays

99
Q

What are some benefits of using infrared light.

A

Increases circulation, increases skin gland secretions, relaxes muscles, stimulates cell and tissue activity

100
Q

Infrared light exposure time ranges from __-__ minutes and the light must be place __ inches from the face.

A

5-15 minutes, 30 inches

101
Q

Rays that produce positive or negative effects on the skin depending on exposure time. A shorter wavelength than either visible light rays or infrared rays.

A

Ultraviolet light

102
Q

Ultraviolet rays that are beyond the ozone and have little effect on the exposure the the skin receives. These rays are the shortest in length.

A

UVC rays

103
Q

Ultraviolet rays that we are exposed to most frequently from the sun. These rays penetrate the lower layers of the epidermis and stimulate melanin production. The burning rays that cause sunburn.

A

UVB rays

104
Q

The longest of the ultraviolet rays and are most frequently used in tanning booths. Require a larger dose to burn the skin but can penetrate beyond the epidermis.

A

UVA rays

105
Q

Rays that are necessary for the synthesis of vitamin D.

A

UVA rays

106
Q

When using UV light for germicidal treatments place the lamp at least __ inches from the skin and expose initially for __minute with a total exposure time of __ to __ minutes.

A

30 inches
1 minute
1 to 5 minutes

107
Q

When electricity flows with more drag in the current, it results in increased heat which is _______ energy.

A

Thermal

108
Q

The transfer of heat via direct contact.

A

Conduction

109
Q

The transfer if heat via a liquid or gas.

A

Convection

110
Q

The transfer of heat through a vacuum.

A

Radiatiom

111
Q

The thermal breakdown of skin evident by blisters.

A

Pyrolysis

112
Q

The ____ effects produced by electricity are similar to the attraction and repulsion exhibited by magnets.

A

Mechanical

113
Q

_______ effects are created when electric current travels through a water based solution onto the body.

A

Electrochemical

114
Q

Provides light and magnification for skin analysis.

A

Magnifying lamp

115
Q

A measurement of the degree of magnification.

A

Dipoter

116
Q

A light and magnification device that uses violet rays or black light to assist in skin analysis.

A

Woods lamp

117
Q

An elaborate magnifying mirror and light that incorporates a black light and allows the client to also see their reflection during skin analysis.

A

Skin scope or dermascope

118
Q

The most important piece of equipment in the facial treatment room, also known as a facial vaporizer.

A

Facial steamer

119
Q

When the steamer begins to flow it should be placed __ inches from the clients chin to flow up the face.

A

16

120
Q

A miniature vacuum cleaner to aid in deep pore cleansing by drawing out dirt, impurities, and sebum.

A

Suction machine

121
Q

An automated spraying device that is performed from behind the client. Distilled water and astringent mix.

A

Spray machine

122
Q

A unique atomizer that allows for the application of various herbs, extracts or astringents.

A

Electric pulverizer spray or Lucas spray

123
Q

Features a handheld attachment with a small round brush suitable for use on the face and body to superficially exfoliate and deep cleanse.

A

Rotating brush machine

124
Q

Used to achieve a light resurfacing of the epidermis with clean aluminum oxide crystals. Sprays and sucks.

A

Microdermabrasion machine

125
Q

Applied over the face. Produces warm, moist heat at a comfortable temperature used to aid in deep product penetration.

A

Electric mask

126
Q

Heated with disposable plastic liners to warm the hands and feet.

A

Treatment mittens and booties

127
Q

Electric containers that melt blocks of paraffin wax used in body treatments.

A

Paraffin heating unit

128
Q

Specially designed heating containers that melt wax for hair removal.

A

Wax heating unit.

129
Q

Heated cabinet with controllable temperature for supply of warm moist towels.

A

Hot towel cabinet

130
Q

Features a combination of different electrical units combined into one piece of equipment.

A

Multifunction machine

Esthetics (15 decks)

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