Electricity and Energy Yr10 Flashcards
What are Conductors
Conductors are materials that allow the movement of electrons through them because they have delocalised electrons so that they can freely move about. They also have little to no resistance so it is easy for electricity to pass through.
What are Insulators
Insulators are materials that do not allow the movement of electrons and electricity through them because they have no delocalised electrons. They also have high resistances.
What is Electricity
Electricity is a form of energy that involves the movement of electrons from 1 atom to another.
What is Electrical Current
The movement of charged electrons moving through a closed circuit when a voltage is added to the circuit.
Is water a conductor
Yes
What is Static/Electrostatic Electricity
Electricity that is not moving
Electrostatic is where electrons collect on surface of object that is usually an insulator. Like when a balloon is rubbed on hair and hair stands up since opposite charges attract.
What is Energy
The ability to do work or make change
We either use or store energy
What are the Types of Energy
Kinetic
Electrical
Sound
Light
Heat
Gravitational Potential
Chemical Potential
Elastic Potential
Nuclear
What is Electricial Energy
Movement of electrons through a closed circuit powered by voltage
What is kinetic energy
Any object moving
What is sound energy
Energy given off as sound waves by vibrations moving through something like vibrations of piano keys
What is light energy
Light energy = Light waves. Kinetic energy with the ability to make types of light visible to human eyes. Light is defined as a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted by hot objects like lasers, bulbs, and the sun. Light contains photons which are minute packets of energy.
What is Heat Energy
Heat energy is the resultant of movement from particles called atoms, molecules or ions in solids, liquids or gas.
What is Gravitation Potential Energy
Stored Energy due to the something’s position like height above ground. Like stored energy in something about to fall from sky
What is Chemical potential energy
Energy stored in the bonds of the atom. Like energy stored in batteries and petrol. This energy can be used later instantly. Chemical applies to all forms of stored energy NOT IN THE AIR AND CANNOT STRETCH
What is Elastic Potential Energy
Energy stored when stretched or squashed.
What is nuclear energy
Energy when you split atom by fission or when you fuse atoms by fusion.
What happens if a thing in a circuit breaks or there is a wire in circuit that connects to nothing on the circuit.
The circuit will short circuit making it not glow and work
What happens to current and voltage in series and parallel circuits
Current in Series stay same
Current in Parallel are different
Voltage in Series are different
Voltage in Parallel are the same.
What is current
The rate of flow of charge in a circuit by negatively charged electrons
What measures Current
Ammeters are used to measure connected but they must be connected in series
What is voltage
It is the electric potential difference between two points in an electric circuit. This means voltage represents the energy provided (or taken away) for each coulomb of charge that passes between these two points. It can also be understood as the “pressure” that drives electric charges (electrons) to move in a circuit.
What is Resistance
Resistance is the opposition against the flow of electrons in a circuit.
What measures voltage and how should it be connected
Voltmeter. Must be connected in parallel
