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Science Yr9 and 10 > Chemistry Yr10 > Flashcards

Chemistry Yr10 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Atom

A

Substances are made of particles called atoms

Atoms are the smallest unit of an element

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2
Q

What is an Element

A

Substances that are made up of one specific atom

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3
Q

How many groups (horizontal boxes) does the periodic table have

A

18

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4
Q

How many Periods (vertical boxes) does the periodic table have

A

7

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5
Q

What are the properties of Metals

A

Good at conducting electricity
Shiny
Solid at RTP except mercury which is liquid at RTP

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6
Q

What are properties of Non-metals

A

Bad at conducting electricity
Dull
Most are gases at RTP while others are solids or liquids

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7
Q

What are the subatomic particles of an Atom and their charges

A

Proton - Positive
Electron - Negative
Neutron - Neutral

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8
Q

Masses of the subatomic particles

A

Proton = Neutron
Electron = 1/1840 of a proton/neutron

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9
Q

what is the atomic number

A

Number of protons

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10
Q

What is the mass number

A

Number of Neutrons and Protons

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11
Q

What is the electronic configuration of a atom

A

2
8
8
16

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12
Q

What is a compound

A

A substance made up of 2 or more elements chemically combined

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13
Q

What is a mixture

A

A substance made up of 2 or more elements physically mixed together but not chemically so can be reversed`.

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14
Q

What are the three fossil fuels

A

Oil
Natural Gas
Coal

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15
Q

What are renewable sources of energy and examples

A

Energy that will never go away and will constantly be there.

Hydro
Solar
Wind
Geothermal

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16
Q

What are non renewable sources of energy

A

Energy that once used up will be gone forever or a very long time till it comes back

17
Q

What is Extraction

A

Separating different compoments present in the same substance

18
Q

What is Chromotography

A

Chromatography is a process for separating components like solubles from a mixture using a solvent.

1.Place sample on the pencil line drawn (base line)
2.Place in solvent (below baseline)
3.The solvent (mobile phase) will move up the paper (stationary phase), separating the sample.
4. As the solvent moves, it dissolves the dye molecules of the component. the solvent carries these dissolved molecules up the paper. The dyes that dissolve more easily travel further up the paper.
5.The place, the solvent ends is called the solvent front. (Mark where it ends)
6. Find the distance the dye traveled and divide it by the distance the solvent traveled. This is the Rf value
7. This Rf value never changes for specific components so whatever component’s Rf value matches the one you just calculated means the component that dye represents is the one with the same Rf value.

19
Q

What is Distillation

A

Distillation is a process to seperate 2 liquids from a liquid with different boiling points, a liquid from a solid and to seperate a liquid from a mixture with a solid like salt water.

heat up the mixture until vapor comes out. The vapor will travel through the condenser where it will be cooled down with cold water surrounding it, turning the vapor into liquid and producing the distillate.

20
Q

What is pH

A

A scale to measure how basic or acidic something is
0 = very acidic
14 = very basic

21
Q

Properties of acid

A

sour
burns skin
turns blue litmus paper red

22
Q

Properties of Base

A

bitter
slimy
turns red litmus paper blue

23
Q

What is the neutralisation reaction

A

It is when a base neutralizes an acid and produces a salt and water

HCL + NaOH = NaCl + H20

24
Q

What is combustion

A

Burning a fuel in oxygen so that it produces CO2 or CO and C + Water

25
Q

WHat happens when a metal is burnt

A

It forms an oxidised version of the metal

Ca + O2 = CaO

26
Q

What are alkaline metals

A

Group 1 metals

27
Q

What are alkaline earth metals

A

Group 2 metals

28
Q

What are noble gases

A

Group 18 elements

29
Q

What are halogens

A

Group 17 elements

30
Q

What is fractional distillation

A

The separation of soluble or miscible liquids

It is to separate one substance into many components or fractions through their different boiling points

Science Yr9 and 10 (11 decks)

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