effects of exercise Flashcards
what is the effects on the muscle ATP , phosphocreatine and oxygen ?
decreases them all during exercise.
how does the cardiovascular and respiratory system respond to this ?
by supplying the lungs and skeletal muscles with oxygen via the blood flow. Also thermoregulation occurs as there is an increase in the peripheral blood flow. Sweating occurs as the body’s temperature needs to be controlled.
what occurs to the skeletal muscle size during exercise training ?
the muscle fibres increase in size , hypertrophy
what does low intensity aerobic training do ?
increase the mitochondria and capallaries
endurance training ?
fast glycolytic fibres becoming becoming fast oxidative glycolytic fibres.
high intensity strength training ?
an increased diameter of fast twitch muscle fibres ( hypertrophy) , increased expression of glycolytic enzymes and greater synchronisation of motor unit recruitment.
what happens when the skeletal muscles contract?
local chemical changes , the muscle arterioles dilate and there is an increased blood flow in the muscle.
what does the brain exercise centred result in the ANS branches to the heart ?
decrease in the parasympathetic output to the heart. An increase in the sympathetic output to the heart , veins , abdominal arterioles and kidney. This causes an increased cardiac output , vasoconstriction in abdominal organs and kidneys.
does the brain blood flow change during exercise ?
no it mostly stays the same
what organs change in blood flow the most and how much ?
skeletal muscles , by 12 fold
kidneys ?
decrease in blood flow
what causes the stroke volume ( SV) to increase and what increases as a result ?
the sympathetic activity of the ANS , as a result the cardiac output increases also.
what happens to the total peripheral resistance?
they decrease.
what happens to the venous return ?
also increases to cope with the decreased ventricular filling time
when do the muscle mechanoreceptors become stimulated ?
when the skeletal muscle contracts
