EENT Pharmacology

Question 1

histamine is stored in granules of ______ (in loose CT) and _____

Answer 1

mast cells and basophils

Question 2

antihistamines are not selective, so they have affect ______ receptors. Ex - benadryl. This makes them very _______

Answer 2

anti-cholinergic

sedating

Question 3

diphenhydramine (benadryl) and hydroxyzine are ____ generation H1 blockers. These are older and more efficient, but have more ______

Answer 3

first

ADRs (sleepiness and anticholinergic effects like mouth dryness)

Question 4

Zyrtec and Allegra are _____ generation, which are non-sedating. These are more _____, have a longer _____ (longer acting), and slower onset of action

Answer 4

second
expensive
longer half life

Question 5

Diphenhydramine has antihistamine benefits: antiinflammatory (______ and urticaria), hypersensitivity

Answer 5

allergic rhinitis

Question 6

Diphenhydramine is a H1 antagonist and an __________ drug (sedation, motion sickness), and low-moderate antihistamine

Answer 6

anticholinergic

Question 7

Diphenhydramine is topical (pruritus, sunburns, bee stings, poison oak), or ______ (rapidly absorbed)

Answer 7

oral

Question 8

diphenhydramine is excreted _______ in the urine

Answer 8

unchanged

Question 9

Diphenhydramine has ADRs: ____ or ____

Answer 9

wired or tired

Question 10

diphenhydramine is a ________ substrate. Its DIs are with anticholinergic drugs and sedating drugs

Answer 10

CYP 2D6

Question 11

the anticholinergic benefits of diphenhyramine are _______, ______, hypnotic, and antiparkinson

Answer 11

antiemetic (anti N&V)

antitussive

Question 12

claritin is more selective than benadryl, and has minimal _________

Answer 12

anticholinergic