EEMB: Animals - Chordates Flashcards

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1
Q

The acorn worms are under what phylum?

A

hemichordata

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2
Q

Marine deuterostomes are what?

A

acorn worms

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3
Q

What body structure was a important development in the metazoans? where is it located?

A

the pharynx- region posterior to the mouth

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4
Q

Acorn worms use the pharynx as a _____ structure

A

respiratory

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5
Q

3 principle chordate clades

A

cephalochordata (lancelets)

Urochordata (tunicates)

Verbrata (vertebrates)

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6
Q

Members of the chordates have ____ diversity

A

extreme

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7
Q

The ____ reflects the common ancestry of chordates

A

notochord

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8
Q

Three shared traits of organisms in phylum chordata

A

dorsal hollow nerve cord

notochord

post anal tail

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9
Q

What is the notochord?

A

a cartilage rod that runs under the nerve chord to support it

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10
Q

The name for the animal in the cephalochordates is

A

lancelets

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11
Q

Where are lanclets found? What body structure is persistent in adults?

A

shallow sandy bays

persistent notochord in adults

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12
Q

The muscles of the body is divided up into V-shaped blocks called

A

myomeres

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13
Q

since the notochord is not compressible, the body of lancelet ____ to swim/move

A

bends

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14
Q

The three groups of animals under the clade Urochordates are ____

A

tunicates (sea squirts)

Thaliaceans

Lavaceans

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15
Q

What is different about the larval to adult stage of tunicates (urochordates) ?

A

adults are sessile

nerve and notochord dissapear

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16
Q

Bodies of tunicates are covered by a ____. and have a ____-like body with ___ siphons

A

tunic

sac-like

two siphons

17
Q

Tunicates have an enlarged pharynx called the ___

A

pharyngeal basket

18
Q

How do Tunicates feed?

A

suspension feeding

19
Q

What is the Ascidian genome project?

A

80% of Ciona genes are found in humans (thats why we’re related to chordates)

20
Q

What is the “2R Hypothesis”

A

that the genome replicated twice during chordate evolution that leads to vertebrates

21
Q

In vertebrates the notochord is replaces by

A

a vertebral column

22
Q

the first vertebrates lacked ___ and include what two animals?

A

lacked jaws

hagfish
lamprey

23
Q

T/F: hagfish have vertebrae

A

FALSE - even though they were the ancestra vertebrates…..