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2024 SEM 2 ENV SCI (LEC) > ecosystem > Flashcards

ecosystem Flashcards

1
Q

it is a community of diff living organisms in conjunction with the non living components of their environment, interacting as a system

A

ecosystem

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2
Q

it is a collection of all organisms that live in a particular place tgt with their nonliving environment

A

ecosystem

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3
Q

it is the scientific study of the interactions or relationships between organisms and the environment

A

ecology

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4
Q

what are the components of ecosystem

A

abiotic components
biotic components

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5
Q

what are the factors of the abiotic components

A

climatic factors
edaphic factors

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6
Q

what are the climatic factors

A

temp
wind
light
rain

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7
Q

what are the edaphic factors

A

soil
pH
minerals
topography

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8
Q

what are the biotic factors

A

producers (autotrophs)
consumers (heterotrophs)
decomposers (saprotrophs)

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9
Q

what are the different kinds of consumers

A

primary consumers
secondary consumers
tertiary consumers
quaternary consumers

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10
Q

what are the earth’s biomes

A

Lakes and rivers
Oceans
Wetlands
Grasslands
Agricultural and urbane areas
Desert
Tundra
Taiga
Temp forest
Tropical forest

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11
Q

it is connected to or produced by living things, particularly in terms of their ecological relationships

A

biotic

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12
Q

it is not derived from nor connected to living things.

A

abiotic

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13
Q

it is a collection of plants and animas that have common characteristics for the environment they exist in

A

biome

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14
Q

biome are distinct biological communities that have formed in response to shard _____

A

physical climate

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15
Q

when and who first used “biome”

A

1916 by Fredric E. Clements an american biologist

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16
Q

what did Frederic E. Clements describe?

A

he describe the plants and animals in a given habitat

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17
Q

an area’s biomes is determined mostly by its ____ (___ and ____)

A

climate
temp and precipitation

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18
Q

what are the 6 major land biomes and 2 water biomes

A

land biomes:
Rainforest
Deserts
Deciduous forest
Grasslands
Boreal forest
Tundra
water biomes:
Marine ecosystem
Freshwater

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19
Q

world’s largest land biome

A

taiga or boreal rainforest

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20
Q

it is the forest of the cold, subarctic region

A

taiga or boreal rainforest

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21
Q

what are some animals and plants found in taiga

A

animals:
moose
lynx
bears
wolves
foxes
squirrels

plants:
pines
oak
maple
elm trees

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22
Q

it is the coldest of all biomes

A

tundra

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23
Q

tundra came from the finish word, ____, which means ____

A

tunturi
treeless plain (no tree)

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24
Q

tundura are treeless regions found in the ____ and on tops of ____, where the climate is ____ and ____ and rainfall is ____

A

Arctic
mountains
cold and windy
scant

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25
tundra lands are covers with ____ for much of the ____, but summer brings bursts of ____
snow year wildflowers
26
what are some animals found in tundra
wolves reindeer polar bears arctic fox arctic hare
27
it is covered by water for at leas one season
wetlands
28
wetlands are also known as
swamps or marshes
29
it provide habitat for thousands of species of aquatic and terrestrial plants and animals
wetlands
30
wetland plants are adapted to _____
water - logged soil
31
what are the types of biomes
Fresh water biomes Aquatic biomes Terrestrial biomes Marine biomes zone
32
it is often named for major physical or climatic factors and for vegetation
terrestrial biomes
33
terrestrial biomes is characterized by ____, ____, ____, ____ and ____
distribution temperature precipitation plants animals
34
temperate rainforest is found in ____, ____, ____ and ____
eastern north america northeastern asia central and western europe
35
temperate rainforest receives more than _____ of rain per year
300cm (10ft)
36
most of the trees in temperate rainforest are ____ trees such as ____, ____, _____, ____ and ____
broadleaf oak maple chestnut beech hickory
37
this type of terrestrial biomes is found in regions close to the equator
tropical rainforest
38
what is temperature and precipitation in tropical forest
warm and humid all year long 'lots of precipitation
39
briefly explain the trees in the rainforest from several layers
Emergent - top layer. obtains constant sunlight Canopy - a leafy roof formed by tallest tree Understory - second layer of shortest tree and vines Forest floor - contains decomposing plant material such as leaves, barks and stems
40
understory plants grow well in ____ formed by _____
shade canopy
41
the forest floor is nearly ____ and only _____
dark a few plant lives there
42
what is the precipitation like in desert
low annual precipitation
43
desert has little ____ and ____
vegetation moisture
44
this type of terrestrial biomes has a low fragile ecosystem
desert (this means slow plant growth, low species diversity and lack of water)
45
in the desert, many organism is only active at ____ when it is ____
night cooler
46
savannah is a mixed ____ ecosystem
woodland-grassland
47
this is a transitional biome, not really a forest and not really a desert
savannah
48
savannah can receive as much as ____cm of rain per year
120
49
what can grow in savannah
grass shrubs small trees
50
true or false: there are "real" savannas such as in africa in the philippines
false - there is no real savannah inthe philippines
51
this is a type of woodland characterized by a combination of dry soil, warm weather and short hardy shrubs
chaparral
52
chaparral is dominated by ____ rather than grasses or tall trees
short woody plants
53
chaparral is unique to ____ and ____
pacific coast north america
54
it is characterized as having grasses as the dominant vegetation
temperate grasslands
55
what is absent in temperate grasslands
trees and large shrubs
56
what is the precipitation like in temperate grasslands
highly seasonal
57
temperate grasslands have ____ and ____ with some ___. and the grasses are adapted to ____ and _____
cold winters warm summer rain droughts and fires
58
grasslands are many home to many of the _____ on earth
largest animals (elephant, giraffe)
59
what helps maintain the grasslands
grazing by large herbivores (feed on grass) fr ex: cow, sheep, cattle, horse
60
what are the types of aquatic biomes
aquatic zonation aquatic organism
61
water can be divided into zones based on water depth (amt. of sunlight) and distance from shoreline
aquatic zonation
62
briefly explain and identify the different aquatic organisms
plankton - lives in water. cannot propel themselves through water (bacteria, algae) nekton - lives in water. can propel by swimming (invertebrates - shrimp vertebrates - fish) benthos - lives on surface below a body of water (sponges, clam, sea stars)
63
this type of biomes is where aquatic biomes are found in the salt water of the ocean
marine biomes zone
64
what are the major marine biomes
neritic oceanic benthic
65
this major biomes occurs in the ocean water over the continental shelf
neritic biomes
66
it extends from the low-tide water line to the edge of the continental shelf
neritic biomes
67
what types of aquatic organism can be found in the neritic biomes
phytoplankton
68
this major biomes is a biotic community that is present in the open ocean
oceanic zone
69
this major biomes is the lowest ecological zone in a water body, and usually involves the sediments at the seafloor
benthic biomes
70
what type of organism lives in the benthic zone
benthos/ benthic organisms
71
this is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals
coral reef
72
coral reef is formed by ___ held tgt by ___
colonies of coral polyps calcium carbonate
73
fresh water biomes is a standing freshwater biomes which are ____ which means water are not flowing in a ____ or ____
stagnat stream current
74
what are the examples of fresh water biomes
lakes ponds
75
it is where freshwater meets saltwater of the ocean
estuary
76
estuary is where ____ mixes with ____
freshwater saltwater
77
this type of lake zonation is close to the shore/ bank
littoral zone
78
what is the rate of light penetration penetrating in littoral zone
high light penetration
79
what organisms are found in the littoral zone
phytoplankton and floating organism
80
photosynthesis occur in which lake zonation
limnetic zone
81
this type of lake zonation is the top layer of lake water away from the shore and cover's much of the lake surface
limnetic zone
82
this type of lake zonation is found near the bottom of the lake
profundal zone
83
what type of organism found in the profundal zone
consumers decomposers
84
in profundal zone, are there light penetrating?
no light penetrating = no producers (aka plant)
85
describe the biodiversity in the profundal zone and littoral zone
profundal zone- low biodiversity littoral zone- high productivity, high biodiversity
86
this type of lake zonation is at the bottom of the lake and completely dark
benthic zone
87
what type of organism are found in benthic zone
decomposers organism (crayfish, snails)
88
this type of biomes is where freshwater that moves
running fresh water biomes
89
what are an example of running fresh water biomes
streams rivers
89
____ is smaller than a _____ because a ____ is _____ throughout the earth
ecosystem biomes biomes distributed
89
what type of organisms found in running fresh water biomes
algae plants consumers
90
what is the difference between biome and ecosystem
biomes are large, geographically defined regions with similar climate and vegetation, encompassing multiple ecosystems. ecosystems are localized communities of living organisms and their interactions within a specific area, often found within biomes.
90
what are several factors that influence climate
latitude geographic features atmospheric processes disseminate heat and moisture
90
a major factor in determining types of life that reside in a particular home
climate
90
true or false: the exact no. of biomes in this world is still not known and keeps on varying
true

2024 SEM 2 ENV SCI (LEC) (13 decks)

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