biogeochemical cycle

Question 1

biogeochemical is one of the several natural cycle in which conserved matter moves through the ____ and ____ parts of an ecosystem

Answer 1

biotic and abiotic

Question 2

in biology, conserved matter refers to the finite amt. of matter, in the forms of _____, that is present within the earth

Answer 2

atoms

Question 3

where does the earth receive energy

Answer 3

sun which gives off heat

Question 4

biogeochemical cycle is a ____ cycle

Answer 4

nutrient

Question 5

true or false:
more or less circular paths of the chemical elements passing back and forth between organisms and environment.

Answer 5

true

Question 6

what are the 2 general group of biogeochemical cycle

Answer 6

perfect- gaseous
(recycle the element perpetually between organisms and the non-living environment with little loss over time)

imperfect- sedimentary
(exchanges into other reservoirs and significant losses through chemical/ geological processes)

Question 7

what are the abiotic component

Answer 7

lithosphere
atmosphere
hydrosphere

Question 8

it is the process that changes liquid water to
gaseous water

Answer 8

evaporation

Question 9

it is the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water

Answer 9

condensation

Question 10

any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls to the Earth

Answer 10

precipitation

Question 11

process of water vapor being released from plants and soil

Answer 11

transpiration

Question 12

flow, is the flow of water
occurring on the ground surface

Answer 12

runoff

Question 13

runoff is also known as

Answer 13

overland flow

Question 14

water cycle is aka

Answer 14

hydrological cycle

Question 15

describes the way that water is circulated and recycles throughout earth’s system

Answer 15

water cycle

Question 16

why is the water cycle is an important process

Answer 16

enables availability of water for all living organisms and regulates weather patterns on our planet

Question 17

enumerate the 5 stages of water cycle in order

Answer 17

evaporation
condensation
precipitation
transpiration
runoff

Question 18

it describes the process in which carbon atoms continually travel from the atmosphere to the earth and then back into atmosphere

Answer 18

carbon cycle

Question 19

true or false:
since our planet and its atmosphere form a closed environment, the amount of carbon in this system does not change.

Answer 19

true

Question 20

briefly explain the 5 stages of carbon cycle

Answer 20

1. C enter the atmosphere via CO2
2. CO2 is absorbed and used as energy
3. C compounds enter the food chain
4. C reenters atmosphere via decomposition
5. repeat

Question 21

briefly explain the types of sources of carbon

Answer 21

natural:
death of plants and animals
animal waste
methane from ruminant animals
cellular respiration
volcanic eruptions

anthropological:
burning of woods
motor vehicles
burning of fossil fuels

Question 22

a biogeochemical process through which nitrogen is
converted into many forms, consecutively passing from the atmosphere to the soil to organism and back into the atmosphere

Answer 22

nitrogen cycle

Question 23

briefly explain the 5 stages of nitrogen cycle

Answer 23

1. nitrogen fixation
2. nitrification
3. assimilation
4. ammonification
5. denitrification

Question 24

this uses nitrogen in the form of NH4+ or NO3-

Answer 24

plants and bacteria

Question 25

nitrogen serves as an ____ in _____ environment

Answer 25

electron receptor
anaerobic

Question 26

this is often the most limiting nutrient in soil and water

Answer 26

nitrogen

Question 27

sources of nitrogen

Answer 27

inorganic fertilizers
nitrogen fixation
animal residue
crop residues
organic fertilizers

Question 28

forms of nitrogen:
CO(NH2)2

Answer 28

urea

Question 29

forms of nitrogen:
NH3 (gaseous)

Answer 29

ammonia

Question 30

forms of nitrogen:
NH4

Answer 30

ammonium

Question 31

forms of nitrogen:
NO3

Answer 31

nitrate

Question 32

forms of nitrogen:
NO2

Answer 32

nitrite

Question 33

forms of nitrogen:
N2

Answer 33

atmospheric dinitrogen

Question 34

a biogeochemical cycle that describes the transformation and translocation of phosphorus in soil, water, and living and dead organic material

Answer 34

phosphorus cycle

Question 35

this cycle consists of processes like weathering that takes hundreds of years to complete

Answer 35

phosphorus cycle

Question 36

it is considered as on of the slowest biogeochemical cycles

Answer 36

phosphorus cycle

Question 37

it is one of the sacrcest elements found in nature which makes it one of the limiting agents

Answer 37

phosphorus cycle

Question 38

briefly explain the 4 stages of phosphorus cycle

Answer 38

1. weathering
2. phosphorus intake by plants
3. movements of phosphorus in the food chain
4. return of phosphorus in the ecosystem

Question 39

human disturbances can _____ and _____

Answer 39

disrupt an ecosystem
threaten the survival of some species

Question 40

what are the anthropogenic changes (induced by human activity) in the environment

Answer 40

habit destruction
pollution
introduction to invasive species
overexploitation
climate change

Question 41

human activities such as polluting the water bodies or deforestation have increased the ____ level in the atmosphere and ____ level in the biosphere + cultural eutrophication

Answer 41

CO2
nitrogen

Question 42

what causes an imbalance in biogeochemical cycles

Answer 42

human activities

Question 43

does phosphorus have a gaseous state?
is it reactive or unreactive?

Answer 43

no gaseous state
unreactive
hence moves very slowly in the cycle

Question 44

what allows the phosphorus to transport it quickly

Answer 44

a gaseous phase allows molecules to be transported quickly

Question 45

phosphorus is stored in large amt of ___ in the ___ or ___ and is recycled back to the surface only over very long periods of time through upwelling of ocean waters

Answer 45

sediments
ocean
earth’s crust