Ecology Test

Question 1

in ecosystems where there is no sun, how does the ecosystem get energy?

Answer 1

bacteria break down inorganic molecules to get the energy-

chemosynthesis

Question 2

how much percent of the organisms life energy will be passed on to whatever organism consumes it?

Answer 2

10%

Question 3

what is a straight path in which energy (as food) that is passed through an ecosystem?

Answer 3

food chain

Question 4

what do you call an organism that eats small broken down particles of dead animals and plants known as detritus?

Answer 4

detritivores

Question 5

what is the biological process?

Answer 5

eating, breathing, ect.

Question 6

what are geological processes?

Answer 6

volcanoes, rock erosion, ect.

Question 7

what are chemical and physical processes?

Answer 7

cloud formation, water dissolving, lightning, ect.

Question 8

how do humans interfere the carbon cycle?

Answer 8

burning fossil fuels, burning wood, cutting down forests, ect

Question 9

how do humans interfere the nitrogen cycle?

Answer 9

over application of fertilizer causing algae blooms= die and rot. Eutrophication

Question 10

what cycle has no atmosphere component?

Answer 10

Phosphorus Cycle

Question 11

what is the over application of fertilizers?

Answer 11

eutrophication

Question 12

what do you call members of the same species trying to use the same resource?

Answer 12

intraspecific

Question 13

what do you call members of different species trying to use the same resource?

Answer 13

interspecific

Question 14

what does the competitive exclusion principle state?

Answer 14

no two species shall occupy the same niche at the same time in the same location

Question 15

what are the four relationships between organisms?

Answer 15

competition
predation
keystone species
symbiosis

Question 16

what are three examples of symbiosis?

Answer 16

mutualism
parasitism
commensalism

Question 17

what is a relationship where both organisms benefit from the relationship? (++)

Answer 17

mutualism

Question 18

what is a relationship where one benefits and one is harmed? (+-)

Answer 18

parasitism

Question 19

what is a relationship where one benefits and the other is neutral (not harmed nor helped)

Answer 19

commensalism

Question 20

what may cause primary succession?

Answer 20

volcanic lava flow

Question 21

what do you call an ecosystem that must start on the surface without soil?

Answer 21

primary succession

Question 22

what do you call an ecosystem that starts on a surface where soil does exist?

Answer 22

secondary succession

Question 23

what may cause secondary succession to occur?

Answer 23

forest fire, hurricane, flood, ect

Question 24

what four ways can you describe populations by?

Answer 24

geographic range
density
growth rate
age structure

Question 25

what is the number of males/females of various ages?

Answer 25

age structures

Question 26

what four ways may a population be affected?

Answer 26

birth rate
death rate
immigration
emigration

Question 27

under ideal conditions (with unlimited resources), what letter shape will the population curve look like?

Answer 27

a J curve

Question 28

what is the normal growth pattern for a population size?

Answer 28

an S curve

Question 29

what do you call something controls the growth and size of a population

Answer 29

limiting factor

Question 30

what is an example of density independent factors?

Answer 30

forest fires

Question 31

what is the order of the environmental levels of organization?

Answer 31

species
population
community
ecosystem
biome
biosphere

Question 32

what is a way to remember the environmental levels of organization? (SPCEBB)

Answer 32

Some
People
Can't
Even
Busta'
Ball

Question 33

what are small aquatic heterotrophs?

Answer 33

Zooplankton