chapter 15

Question 1

only animals with desired characteristics breed to produce the next generation

Answer 1

selective breeding

Question 2

what is crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms?

Answer 2

hybridization

Question 3

a continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics is called what?

Answer 3

inbreeding

Question 4

a plant with many sets of chromosomes is an example of what?

Answer 4

a polyploid organism

Question 5

biologists change the DNA codes of a living organism through what?

Answer 5

genetic engineering

Question 6

what cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides?

Answer 6

restriction enzyme

Question 7

DNA fragments can be separated and analyzed by what?

Answer 7

gel electrophoresis

Question 8

through the process of what, a gene from one organism can be combined with a gene from another organism?

Answer 8

recombinant DNA

Question 9

what is used to make many copies of a single gene?

Answer 9

PCR

Question 10

what is the small circular piece of DNA called in bacterium?

Answer 10

plasmid

Question 11

a gene for antibiotic resistance may be used as what?

Answer 11

genetic marker

Question 12

what is an organism called when it contains genes from another organism?

Answer 12

transgenic

Question 13

what is a member of a population genetically identical cells produced from a single cell?

Answer 13

clone

Question 14

what will cut a DNAsequence only is it matches the sequence precisely?

Answer 14

restriction enzyme

Question 15

What method is used to make a transgenic organism?

Answer 15

Genetic engineering

Question 16

What is a polyploid plant?

Answer 16

A plant that has extra sets of chromosomes since tetrads never separated
They’re heartier (?), prettier, and bear more produce

Question 17

What is a change in the genetic make up/DNA of an organism by a technological process called?

Answer 17

Biotechnology

Question 18

What is the restriction enzyme specifically called?

Answer 18

EcoR1

Question 19

What is recombinant DNA?

Answer 19

Combining the DNA from one organism with the DNA of another.
i.e. Jellyfish+cat= glow in the dark cat

Question 20

What separates DNA fragments by size and weight?

Answer 20

Electrophoresis

It’s a gell

Question 21

What are plasmids only found in?

Answer 21

Bacteria

Question 22

What is it called when something is the same forwards and backwards?

Answer 22

Palindrome

Faded af) (race car) (hannah

Question 23

During cloning, what do they do to the egg from the foster mother?

Answer 23

Remove the nucleus

Only cytoplasm remains

Question 24

Wha is it called to change DNA that is causing a disorder?

Answer 24

Gene therapy

Question 25

Why is DNA fingerprinting done?

Answer 25

Find a persons mother/father/sibling/ect
Solve crimes (forensics)
Identify a body

Question 26

What are radioactive of fluorescent-labeled RNA that are complimentary to the gene of interest is called what?

Answer 26

Probes

Question 27

What is strands of DNA fragments arranged in a grid called?

Answer 27

DNA microarray

Question 28

What is it called when you combine DNA from different sources?

Answer 28

Recombinant DNA

Question 29

What is selective breeding used for?

Answer 29

To pass wanted traits in to the next generation of organisms

Question 30

How do people increase genetic variation?

Answer 30

Introducing mutations (which are the ultimate source of biological diversity)

Question 31

How can genes from one organism be inserted into another organism?

Answer 31

By the insertion of recombinant DNA into the genome of a host organism

Question 32

How can genetic engineering benefit agriculture and industry?

Answer 32

It leads to better, less expensive, and more nutritious food as well as less-harmful manufacturing processes