Chapter 9 Flashcards
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius
Calorie
The first step in releasing the energy of glucose in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid
Glycolysis
Electron carrier involved in glycolysis
NAD+
The process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
Fermentation
The process that does not require oxygen
Anaerobic
The process that does require oxygen
Aerobic
The second stage of cellular respiration
Pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy- extracting reactions
Krebs cycle
A series of proteins in which the high energy electrons from the Krebs cycle are used to convert ADP into ATP
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
What process is important in the process of baking bread?
Alcoholic termination
What builds up in nuclear after a few seconds of intense activity?
Lactic acid Fermentation
What requires oxygen and glucose?
Cellular respiration
What is almost the opposite of photosynthesis?
Cellular respiration
What produces 2 ATP molecules and pyruvic acid?
Glycolysis
What is the bet energy gain in glycolysis?
2 molecules of ATP
What causes a painful, burning sensation in muscles after a vigorous exercise?
Lactic acid
What is another name for the Krebs cycle?
The citric acid cycle
Where do organisms get the energy they need?
Food
What are the three main stages in cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron transfer chain
What is the order where the. Odd source of energy takes it from?
The ATP already in the muscles
ATP made my lactic acid fermentation
ATP produced by cellular respiration
Since photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, what does cellular respiration do?
It puts the carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere
What would be the problem is CR took place in just one step?
It would all happen all at once and would loose energy
Where does glycolysis take place?
In the cytoplasm
How does the cell get glycolysis going?
It uses energy of 2 ATP molecules
What organisms use alcoholic fermentation?
Yeast
Other micro organisms
What does lactic acid fermentation convert into lactic acid?
Glucose
During the Krebs cycle, how many molecules of CO2 are released?
2 molecules
How is citric acid produced?
Acetyl CoA adds 2-carbon acetyl group to a 4-carbon molecule producing a 6-carbon molecule called Citric acid
