Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Chapter 10 - Cell Growth and Division > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Cell Growth and Division Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what determines the rate at which it uses food and oxygen?

A

the volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

each pair of chromatids is attached at an area called what

A

centromere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the period of growth in between cell divisions is called what

A

interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the cell cycle

A

a series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what happens during G1 phase?

A

cell growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what happens during the S phase?

A

DNA replication

key proteins called histones synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what happens at the G2 phase?

A

preparation for mitosis

doubles organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what happens during M phase?

A

cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the three phases that happen during interphase?

A

G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the four phases of mitosis?

A

prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope at the beginning of prophase. only in animals

A

centrioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what grows more rapidly, the volume or the surface area?

A

volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

A

cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent is known as what?

A

asexual reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what offspring inherits some of their genetic information from each parent?

A

sexual reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

genetic information is bundled into packages of DNA is known as what

A

chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what happens during the cell cycle?

A

a cell grows
prepares for division
forms two daughter cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what completes the process of cell division

A

cytokinesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the division of a cells cytoplasm is called what?

A

cytokinesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the final phase of mitosis?

A

telophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is a disorder in which cells loose thur ability to control growth and division?

A

cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the advantage and disadvantages of asexual reproduction?

A

advantage: many offspring in a short time
disadvantage: offspring adapted for same environment as parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction?

A

advantage: more likely to have offspring that will adapt to new conditions
disadvantage: must find a mate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the splitting of the nucleus called?

A

mitosis

25
Q

what is the splitting of the cytoplasm called?

A

cytokinesis

26
Q

what phase adds cytoplasm, and gets larger?

A

Gap 1

27
Q

what phase replicates DNA?

A

S phase

28
Q

what phase duplicates organelles?

A

Gap 2

29
Q

The larger the cell, the more trouble it has moving water and nutrients through the_____

A

Cell membrane

30
Q

How does a cell regulate its size and avoid becoming too large/(thicc)?

A

Cell division

31
Q

What happens when a cell becomes too large for the amount of DNA it has?

A

Information from the DNA would not be able to get signals out or be able to manage the cells organelles.

32
Q

What must pass through the cells membrane for the cell to be healthy

A

In: food, water, and oxygen
Out: waste

33
Q

What happens to the cells surface area to volume ratio as it grows?

A

The ratio decreases

Ex; 7:1 -> 6:1 -> 5:1

34
Q

Why do cells need to divide

A

If a cell becomes to big the DNA will not be able to keep up, which will result in information overload
And bc the larger the cell the harder for nutrients and waste to move across the cell membrane.

35
Q

During cytokinesis:

Animal cell division vs plant cell division (vs 1000° knife)

A

Animal cell division: cell membrane moves inwards and pinches until it separates. called cleavage furrow ( . )( . )
Plant cell division: a cell plate forms between the two nucleuses

36
Q

When a cell grows in size does the volume or surface area grow more rapidly?

A

Volume increase more rapidly. (Which is why s/v ratio decreases)

37
Q

The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells

A

Cell division

38
Q

When are chromosomes visible during the cell cycle? When is chromatin visible?

A

Chromosomes are visible during cell division

Chromatin is visible during interphase

39
Q

What does chromosome consist of

A

Two identical chromotids

40
Q

a fan like system of microtubules that will help to separate the duplicated chromosomes

A

spindle

41
Q

what happens to the cells at the edge of a cut ( not the emo type u fucks) ((well actual yes))

A

they are stimulated to divide rapidly because they arn’t being touched. (they attention hoes)

42
Q

what happens to the cells at the edge of the cut when the healing process is almost complete

A

cell division slows down, controls on growth are restored and everything returns to normal

43
Q

what regulates the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells

A

cyclin

44
Q

proteins that respond to events inside the cell

A

internal regulators

45
Q

what do external regulators do

A

direct cell cycle to speedup or slow down
include growth factors
prevent excessive cell growth
keep the tissues of the body from disrupting each other
ex; touch/pressure

46
Q

a disorder in which some of the body’s cells lose the ability to control the rate of growth

A

2008 memes, aka cancer (((NOT MCR)))

47
Q

cancer cells don’t respond to signals that _____

A

regulate growth

48
Q

cancer cells form masses of cells called ____

A

tumors

49
Q

cancer cells break loose and spread throughout the ____

A

DICK. jk, its body

50
Q

the phase of mitosis in which microtubules connect to the poles of the spindle

A

metaphase

51
Q

longest phase of mitosis

A

prophase

52
Q

the phase of mitosis that ends when the chromosomes stop moving

A

anaphase

53
Q

what did one cell say to her sister cell when she stepped on her toe

A

mitosis ba dum tis gets out noose

54
Q

when a cell is no longer needed it will under go a programmed death process called ___

A

apoptosis

55
Q

three controlled steps of apoptosis

A

1) chromatin shrinks and disintegrates
2) portions of membrane dissolve
3) neighboring cells absorb the remains (shoutout to cannibalism)

56
Q

type of cancer that doesn’t spread from original tumor

A

benign

57
Q

type of cancer where cells break off of the original tumor and form other tumors

A

malignant

58
Q

what causes cancer

A

mutagens

ex; viruses, UV light, radiation, chemicals, and drugs

59
Q

drugs that stop or slow down cell cycle

A

chemotherapy ((((fucking mcr… this unit triggers my emo ass))))

Biology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions