Ecology(B)(p1/2)

Question 1

What is ecology?

Answer 1

Relationship between living organisms and physical environment

Question 2

What is habitat?

Answer 2

Where organism lives

Question 3

What is population?

Answer 3

All organisms of particular species live in habitat

Question 4

What is community?

Answer 4

All population of different species that live together in habitat

Question 5

Hera are biotic and abiotic factors?

Answer 5

Biotic: living factors of environment

Abiotic: non living factors

Question 6

What is ecosystem?

Answer 6

Interaction if community of living organisms with no. Living parts of environment

Question 7

What do organisms compete for?

Answer 7

Space
Food + water
Light
Mates (mammal)

Question 8

What is interdependence?

Answer 8

Species depend on other species in some way?

Question 9

What is the water cycle?

Answer 9

-energy from sun causes water to evaporate (transpiration)
-then Condenses in clouds
-water precipitates from clouds into rain
-water flow into rivers and plants

Question 10

What is the carbon cycle?

Answer 10

-green algae takes carbon dioxide in via photosynthesis, converting it to glucose
-then either respired by plant or eaten then respired into atmosphere by living organisms.
-then when both die, they decay into small peace, releasing carbon dioxide during microbial respiration, or anaerobically respire into foil fuels. which is burned to release carbon dioxide

Question 11

what are genetically modified organisms?

Answer 11

organisms whose genome been modified. involving adapting an helpful gene an organism has to make it resistant to disease. such as producing toxins to kill insect or pest to increase crop yield/nutrients/production specific protien

Question 12

why has food gotten more intensive?

Answer 12

diets have changed to include food needing more land

Question 13

what are B-toxins from?

Answer 13

bacteria

Question 14

what is MyCroProtien?

Answer 14

made by fungi to make high protein meat for vegetarians. made by fusarium

Question 15

what is Sampling?

Answer 15

measures subset of organisms to make prediction about the whole production

Question 16

how do you use a quadrat?(4stp)

Answer 16

place tape measure along width and length of field to turn it into large grid
-then randomly generate 10 pairs of coordinates
-place quadrats at coordinate and count substance
-calculate mean and use it to estimate population

Question 17

what is a Qaudrate?

Answer 17

a square frame sub divided into smaller squares on sample habitat to estimate its population size

Question 18

what are biotic factors and list examples?

Answer 18

living factors affecting another organism
-competition
-disease
-food

Question 19

what are abiotic factors and list examples?

Answer 19

non living parts of an environment affecting organisms
-temperature
-moisture levels
-light intensity
-carbon dioxide concnetration
-mineral soil content
-wind intensity

Question 20

what is biodiversity?

Answer 20

variety of living things on earth within a particular ecosystem

Question 21

why is biodiversity important?

Answer 21

makes ecosystem stable(survive if one organism excitant)
-helps develop new drugs

Question 22

how do humans reduce biodiversity?

Answer 22

-from increased demand for raw materials
-more energy demand(factors
-produce more waster in land air and water, polluting and releasing chemicals

Question 23

what are breeding programs?

Answer 23

reduce chance of extinction, by increasing breed capacity, so they can be realised back into the wildness. to increase biodiversity
(can sometime provide protective area)

Question 24

what are the issues of maintaining biodiversity?

Answer 24

is expensive

individuals and government overlook benefit’s of biodiversity
-forced to damage environment to keep up with demand
-countries develop

Question 25

what are peat bogs, and why shouldnt we extract them?

Answer 25

• formed from areas of land that have acidic and waterlogged soil, which stop air getting to soil, hence stopping respiration, so form stores of carbon dioxide.

this is drained from farmland, which increase carbon dioxide, increase global warming hence reduce biodiversity