Ecological Applications

Question 1

Ecosystem Services (4)

Answer 1

Supporting services
Provisioning services
Regulating services
Cultural services

Question 2

Supporting Services (3)

Answer 2

Habitat provision
Soil Formation
Nutrient Cycling

Question 3

Provisioning Services (4)

Answer 3

Food
Fuel
Timber
Fiber

Question 4

Regulating services (3)

Answer 4

Water Purification
Climate Regulation
Flood Regulation

Question 5

Cultural Services

Answer 5

Educational
Recreational
Aesthetic

Question 6

Resource Management and Conservation Schemes

Answer 6

Debt for Nature Swap
Good Agricultural Practices
Public-Private Partnerships
Economic Valuation
Payment for Ecosystem Services
Environment Impact Assessment
Protected Area System

Question 7

An agreement that reduces a developing country’s debt stock or service in exchange for a commitment to protect nature from the debtor-government

Answer 7

Debt for nature swaps

Question 8

Debt for Nature swap projects in the Philippines (2)

Answer 8

World Wide Fund $900k Haribon foundation (protected areas)

United States of America $32M (rainforests)

Question 9

A certifying division that ensures food safety and assure quality of agricultural projects while keeping high regard for environmental protection and that of workers health, safety and welfare

Answer 9

Good Agricultural Practices

Question 10

GAP regulates the following (7)

Answer 10

Site history and management
Planting material
Genetically Modified Organisms
Fertilizers and soil additives
Water
Chemicals
Harvesting and handling produce

Question 11

Partnership between private business stakeholders and government agencies for environmental protection

Answer 11

Private-Public Partnership

Question 12

Ecological services are monetized to show the economic value of resource. This will highlight the importance of resource and may lead to protection.

Answer 12

Economic Valuation

Question 13

Occurs when a beneficiary of an ecosystem service makes a direct or indirect payment to the pay for services received

Answer 13

Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES)

Question 14

A process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.

Answer 14

Environmental Impact Assessment

Question 15

Recognizes the critical importance of protecting and maintaining the natural and biological and physical diversities of the environment notably on areas with biologically unique features to sustain human life and development.

Answer 15

RA 7586 National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS)

Question 16

Under Nipas (8)

Answer 16

Strict nature reserve
Natural park
Natural monument
Wildlife sanctuary
Protected landscapes and seascapes
Resource reserve
Natural biotic areas
Areas established by law

Question 17

Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary in Tawi-tawi (4)

Answer 17

241,495 . 92 hectares marine and terrestrial
Only nesting site of green turtles
Only major nesting ground ASEAN
11th major nesting site in the world

Question 18

Refers to any substance that negatively impacts the environment or organisms that live within the affected environment

Answer 18

Pollution

Question 19

Types of Pollution (3)

Answer 19

Water
Air
Soil

Question 20

Impacts of Pollution on health (4)

Answer 20

Reproductive
Respiratiory
Neurological
Immune

Question 21

Impacts of Pollution environmental (5)

Answer 21

Acid Rain
Eutrophication
Haze
Crop and Forest Damage
Global Climate Change

Question 22

International Mechanisms (5)

Answer 22

Binding and unbinding legal instruments
Conventions
Clean development
Conference of parties
Reduction of Emission due to deforestation and degradation (RED+)

Question 23

Conventions (5)

Answer 23

Vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer (1985)

London convention on the prevention of marine pollution by dumping of wastes and other matter (1972)

Ramsar convention on wetlands of international importance, especially as Waterfowl habitat (1971)

Paris World Heritage Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural heritage (1972)

The Kyoto Protocol (1997)

Question 24

Legislation (5)

Answer 24

RA 9003 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
RA 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
RA 8749 Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
RA 6969 Toxic substances, Hazardous, and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990

PD 1586 Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Statement of 1978

Question 25

To return the environmental conditions to its original state

Acknowledges that vegetation were permanently altered but attempts to return a self sustaining community as close as possible to the original

Answer 25

Restoration

Rehabilitation

Question 26

Restoration Projects (2)

Answer 26

National Greening Program -Plant 1.5 B trees
Filipinovation on coral reef restoration

Question 27

Rehabilitation occurs where (4)

Answer 27

Pasig River
Manila Bay
Laguna Lake
Mining Sites

Question 28

Considerations of Restoring and Rehabilitating the Environment (3)

Answer 28

Biophysical Aspects
Socio-economic Aspects
Ecological Aspects

Question 29

Biophysical aspects (4)

Answer 29

Soil Quality
Water Quality
Air Quality
Extent of degradation

Question 30

Socio-economic aspects

Answer 30

Livelihood Change
Likelihood of Change
Equity considerations
Alternative livelihood

Question 31

Ecological Aspects

Answer 31

Native Species
Landscape consideration
Habitat for wildlife
Introduction of lost species