Early Colonization

Question 1

Historiography

Answer 1

study of who writes the history

Question 2

How did Europe being at peace help form Virginia?

Answer 2

$$ and men could be focused on colonizing the Americas

Question 3

Joint-stock companies caused the birth of?

Answer 3

Capitalism

Question 4

Virginia said their goal was? But it really was?

Answer 4

To spread Christianity. Gold.

Question 5

Virginia Company was in? Plymouth Company was in?

Answer 5

Virginia Co. was in South, Plymouth in North

Question 6

Where and when did the Jamestown colonists arrive?

Answer 6

Chesapeake Bay, May 1607

Question 7

Some difficulties faced by Jamestown colonists?

Answer 7

Houses in Malaria swamp, arrived too late to plant crops, many colonists were “gentlemen” and did not work, within months most died or joined Indians (survivors turned to cannibalism)

Question 8

John Smith

Answer 8

A mercenary, took over the colony, “you don’t work you don’t eat”, befriended Pocahontas and saved the colony.

Question 9

John Rolfe

Answer 9

Brought a tobacco plant and planted it in Virginia (Saved Jamestown colony with the cash crop)

Question 10

In Virginia, when did democracy debut?

Answer 10

July 30, 1619

Question 11

What was Virginia’s House of Burgess?

Answer 11

elected burgesses met with the governor

Question 12

When was Virginia invaded and who took it over?

Answer 12

1622, England took it over as a Royal colony

Question 13

What did King Henry do? Who wanted reform afterward?

Answer 13

Separated church from Rome, Anglican Priests

Question 14

Why were the colonies a big deal?

Answer 14

Religious freedom, democracy, end of eldest son getting everything, capitalism

Question 15

Who came to Plymouth? Where did they go first?

Answer 15

Pilgrims, separate Puritans who wanted away from the church of England. Came from Holland first.

Question 16

Where and when did the Plymouth colonists arrive?

Answer 16

Cape Cod, Dec. 21, 1620 on the Mayflower

Question 17

What was the Mayflower Compact? Who signed it?

Answer 17

Said they would do whatever was best for the good of the people (democracy), Pilgrims from Plymouth.

Question 18

William Bradford

Answer 18

Governor and historian from Plymouth

Question 19

Squanto

Answer 19

Helped Plymouth colonists and was helped by them

Question 20

Massasoit

Answer 20

Introduced to Plymouth colonists by Squanto, was helped and healed by them so he loved them

Question 21

What modern major city is Massachusetts Bay colony?

Answer 21

Boston

Question 22

Explain Massachusetts Bay Colony’s government

Answer 22

Democratic theocracy through town meetings (pure form) Had members and non-members

Question 23

Which colony valued education and started Harvard?

Answer 23

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Question 24

Which colony absorbed Plymouth?

Answer 24

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Question 25

John Winthrop

Answer 25

Governor of MBC

Question 26

John Cotton

Answer 26

Preacher in MBC

Question 27

Who was Maryland a safe land for?

Answer 27

Catholics

Question 28

What was the Maryland Act of Toleration?

Answer 28

1649 - Required freedom of religion for all Christians

Question 29

Who started Rhode Island?

Answer 29

Roger Williams

Question 30

Roger Williams

Answer 30

Started Rhode Island after being kicked out of Mass. in 1635 for strange beliefs (Indians should be paid for their land, no theocracy, religious toleration)

Question 31

Which colony did the first Jewish immigrants get welcomed to?

Answer 31

Rhode Island

Question 32

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 32

Started a home Bible study group for women that became popular, banished from Mass. in 1637, her and her family and followers moved to Rhode Island

Question 33

Freedom of worship in what colonies attracted people from France, Barbados, and England?

Answer 33

The Carolinas

Question 34

The Carolinas are known for being?

Answer 34

Jerks

Question 35

What was the Carolinas relationship with the Indians like?

Answer 35

Traded deerskins but were extremely hostile (sold and enslaved them)

Question 36

South Carolina grew? North Carolina grew?

Answer 36

South grew rice, North tobacco

Question 37

What colonies brought the Barbados slave code with them?

Answer 37

The Carolinas

Question 38

George Fox

Answer 38

Founded Pennsylvania, Society of Friends

Question 39

What did Pennsylvania believe in, do, and grow?

Answer 39

Non-violence, equality of gender/race, signed treaties of friendship with Indians, ended prison for debtors, grew oats, barley, and wheat (Quakers)

Question 40

James Oglethorpe

Answer 40

Started Georgia

Question 41

Which colony acted as a buffer between Florida and the Carolinas?

Answer 41

Georgia

Question 42

Goals of Georgia?

Answer 42

Relief for debtors, convicts get to start new, no slavery, no Catholics

Question 43

Which colony was a major sailors town?

Answer 43

New Netherlands

Question 44

The Dutch started which colony?

Answer 44

New Netherlands

Question 45

Patroon system was used where and said what?

Answer 45

Used in the New Netherlands, said rich guys got free land in upstate NY by bringing poor people)

Question 46

The New Netherlands had problems with the Natives, what was the result?

Answer 46

Wappinger tribe was wiped out, a defensive wall was built, King Charles II gave land to his brother

Question 47

Two forms of triangular trade: describe them.

Answer 47

Sugar, tobacco, and cotton went from America to Europe. Textiles, rum, and manufactured goods went from Europe to Africa. Slaves went from Africa to America. Rum and goods went from New England to Africa. Slaves went from Africa to the Caribbean. Sugar went from the Caribbean to New England.

Question 48

Which colony were the first Africans brought to?

Answer 48

Jamestown

Question 49

Why did African slavery become the norm?

Answer 49

They were well adjusted to tropical environments, were less susceptible to diseases such as smallpox, weren't a flight risk

Question 50

Discuss Nathaniel Bacon's Rebellion

Answer 50

Led Virginians against Governor Berkeley, attacked Indians, and burned the capital until Bacon died and the rebels were hung by Berkeley.

Question 51

How did Bacon's Rebellion contribute to slavery?

Answer 51

Upper class planters began looking for less rebellious workers = Black slaves

Question 51

What did Bacon's Rebellion expose?

Answer 51

The underlying tensions between urban and rural people

Question 52

What started King Philip's War?

Answer 52

Metacomet (Wampanoag chief) was upset over colonial land expansion.

Question 53

What was the result of King Philip's War?

Answer 53

Villages were completely destroyed and it was the deadliest war population % wise in US history. Mass. Bay, Plymouth, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Maine, and New Hampshire took a united front to end the uprising.