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APUSH > Early Colonization > Flashcards

Early Colonization Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

Historiography

A

study of who writes the history

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2
Q

How did Europe being at peace help form Virginia?

A

$$ and men could be focused on colonizing the Americas

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3
Q

Joint-stock companies caused the birth of?

A

Capitalism

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4
Q

Virginia said their goal was? But it really was?

A

To spread Christianity. Gold.

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5
Q

Virginia Company was in? Plymouth Company was in?

A

Virginia Co. was in South, Plymouth in North

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6
Q

Where and when did the Jamestown colonists arrive?

A

Chesapeake Bay, May 1607

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7
Q

Some difficulties faced by Jamestown colonists?

A

Houses in Malaria swamp, arrived too late to plant crops, many colonists were “gentlemen” and did not work, within months most died or joined Indians (survivors turned to cannibalism)

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8
Q

John Smith

A

A mercenary, took over the colony, “you don’t work you don’t eat”, befriended Pocahontas and saved the colony.

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9
Q

John Rolfe

A

Brought a tobacco plant and planted it in Virginia (Saved Jamestown colony with the cash crop)

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10
Q

In Virginia, when did democracy debut?

A

July 30, 1619

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11
Q

What was Virginia’s House of Burgess?

A

elected burgesses met with the governor

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12
Q

When was Virginia invaded and who took it over?

A

1622, England took it over as a Royal colony

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13
Q

What did King Henry do? Who wanted reform afterward?

A

Separated church from Rome, Anglican Priests

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14
Q

Why were the colonies a big deal?

A

Religious freedom, democracy, end of eldest son getting everything, capitalism

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15
Q

Who came to Plymouth? Where did they go first?

A

Pilgrims, separate Puritans who wanted away from the church of England. Came from Holland first.

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16
Q

Where and when did the Plymouth colonists arrive?

A

Cape Cod, Dec. 21, 1620 on the Mayflower

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17
Q

What was the Mayflower Compact? Who signed it?

A

Said they would do whatever was best for the good of the people (democracy), Pilgrims from Plymouth.

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18
Q

William Bradford

A

Governor and historian from Plymouth

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19
Q

Squanto

A

Helped Plymouth colonists and was helped by them

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20
Q

Massasoit

A

Introduced to Plymouth colonists by Squanto, was helped and healed by them so he loved them

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21
Q

What modern major city is Massachusetts Bay colony?

A

Boston

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22
Q

Explain Massachusetts Bay Colony’s government

A

Democratic theocracy through town meetings (pure form) Had members and non-members

23
Q

Which colony valued education and started Harvard?

A

Massachusetts Bay Colony

24
Q

Which colony absorbed Plymouth?

A

Massachusetts Bay Colony

25
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor of MBC

26
Q

John Cotton

A

Preacher in MBC

27
Q

Who was Maryland a safe land for?

A

Catholics

28
Q

What was the Maryland Act of Toleration?

A

1649 - Required freedom of religion for all Christians

29
Q

Who started Rhode Island?

A

Roger Williams

30
Q

Roger Williams

A

Started Rhode Island after being kicked out of Mass. in 1635 for strange beliefs (Indians should be paid for their land, no theocracy, religious toleration)

31
Q

Which colony did the first Jewish immigrants get welcomed to?

A

Rhode Island

32
Q

Anne Hutchinson

A

Started a home Bible study group for women that became popular, banished from Mass. in 1637, her and her family and followers moved to Rhode Island

33
Q

Freedom of worship in what colonies attracted people from France, Barbados, and England?

A

The Carolinas

34
Q

The Carolinas are known for being?

A

Jerks

35
Q

What was the Carolinas relationship with the Indians like?

A

Traded deerskins but were extremely hostile (sold and enslaved them)

36
Q

South Carolina grew? North Carolina grew?

A

South grew rice, North tobacco

37
Q

What colonies brought the Barbados slave code with them?

A

The Carolinas

38
Q

George Fox

A

Founded Pennsylvania, Society of Friends

39
Q

What did Pennsylvania believe in, do, and grow?

A

Non-violence, equality of gender/race, signed treaties of friendship with Indians, ended prison for debtors, grew oats, barley, and wheat (Quakers)

40
Q

James Oglethorpe

A

Started Georgia

41
Q

Which colony acted as a buffer between Florida and the Carolinas?

A

Georgia

42
Q

Goals of Georgia?

A

Relief for debtors, convicts get to start new, no slavery, no Catholics

43
Q

Which colony was a major sailors town?

A

New Netherlands

44
Q

The Dutch started which colony?

A

New Netherlands

45
Q

Patroon system was used where and said what?

A

Used in the New Netherlands, said rich guys got free land in upstate NY by bringing poor people)

46
Q

The New Netherlands had problems with the Natives, what was the result?

A

Wappinger tribe was wiped out, a defensive wall was built, King Charles II gave land to his brother

47
Q

Two forms of triangular trade: describe them.

A

Sugar, tobacco, and cotton went from America to Europe. Textiles, rum, and manufactured goods went from Europe to Africa. Slaves went from Africa to America.

Rum and goods went from New England to Africa. Slaves went from Africa to the Caribbean. Sugar went from the Caribbean to New England.

48
Q

Which colony were the first Africans brought to?

A

Jamestown

49
Q

Why did African slavery become the norm?

A

They were well adjusted to tropical environments, were less susceptible to diseases such as smallpox, weren’t a flight risk

50
Q

Discuss Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Led Virginians against Governor Berkeley, attacked Indians, and burned the capital until Bacon died and the rebels were hung by Berkeley.

51
Q

How did Bacon’s Rebellion contribute to slavery?

A

Upper class planters began looking for less rebellious workers = Black slaves

51
Q

What did Bacon’s Rebellion expose?

A

The underlying tensions between urban and rural people

52
Q

What started King Philip’s War?

A

Metacomet (Wampanoag chief) was upset over colonial land expansion.

53
Q

What was the result of King Philip’s War?

A

Villages were completely destroyed and it was the deadliest war population % wise in US history. Mass. Bay, Plymouth, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Maine, and New Hampshire took a united front to end the uprising.

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