Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

APUSH > Time Period 5 Test > Flashcards

Time Period 5 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Louisiana Territory

A
  • 1803
  • Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains
  • Bought by Thomas Jefferson
  • Purchased by Napoleon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Florida

A
  • 1819
  • Florida and parts of Alabama & Mississippi
  • James Monroe
  • Adams-Onis Treaty
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Texas

A
  • 1845
  • Texas & parts of New Mexico, Colorada, Oklahoma
  • John Tyler
  • Annexation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Oregon Territory

A
  • 1846
  • Oregon, Washington, parts of Idaho & Montana
  • James K. Polk
  • Oregon Treaty
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Mexican Cession

A
  • 1848
  • California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, parts of Wyoming & Colorado
  • James K. Polk
  • Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Gadsden Territory

A
  • 1853
  • Southern Arizona & New Mexico
  • Franklin Pierce
  • Purchase for railroad
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Alaska

A
  • 1867
  • Alaska
  • Andrew Johnson
  • Purchased from Russia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Manifest Destiny Map: When, where, who, how - Hawaii

A
  • 1898
  • Hawaii
  • William McKinley
  • Annexation (?)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

The idea that the nation had a God-given right to expand its borders that dominated Polk’s presidency. Used to justify territorial and cultural expansion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

James K. Polk

A

Driven by Manifest Destiny. Promised “Fifty-four fourty or fight” (take Oregon), annexation of Texas, purchase of California, independent treasury system, lower the tariff.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mexican-American War (Causes and results)

A

Causes: We wanted to buy California but were told no, a border dispute happened in Texas and the US army was sent to Rio Grande
Results: Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, Mexican cession

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

“Spotty” Abraham Lincoln

A

Lincoln questioned whether Americans were killed on American soil when Mexican troops attacked during the Mexican-American War. He was mocked and called “spotty” by supporters of the war for questioning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

A
  • The border was fixed at Rio Grande
  • US gained the Southwest
  • US protection on Mexicans and their property in these territories
  • US paid $15 million for the land and $3 million in claims by US citizens against the Mexican government
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Abolition Movement

A

Social & political effort to end slavery and promote equality in America. Stemmed from the Second Great Awakening. Major figures include Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, & Harriet Tubman. Directly contributed to the start of the Civil War.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

William Lloyd Garrison “The Liberator”

A

Abolitionist newspaper launched in 1831. Called for the immediate emancipation of slaves with no compensation to slave holders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Harriet Tubman - Underground Railroad

A

Woman in the abolition movement, helped free people through the Underground Railroad- “Black Moses”. Underground Railroad was a secret network of routes and safe houses that helped enslaved people reach free states or Canada.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Compromise of 1850

A

Henry Clay’s Resolution
- California admitted a free state (North)
- Slave TRADE abolished in Washington DC (North)
- Utah & New Mexico territories to use popular sovereignty to decide their slave status (South)
- More strict Fugitive Slave Law (South)

Would not have passed without Daniel Webster’s “7th of March” speech
President Zachary Taylor hated, VP Fillmore signed after his death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Harriet Beecher Stowe’s ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin’

A

1852, written due to the harsher Fugitive Slave Law from the 1850 Compromise, aimed to show the cruelty of slavery. Very popular, caused outrage in the South

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854

A

1854 (Senator Stephen Douglas), Allowed Kansas & Nebraska to decide slave status through popular sovereignty. People moved to Kansas to try to sway the vote, led to violence and separate governments within Kansas- “Bloody Kansas”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

The idea that people living in a territory should decide slave status for themselves, Stephen Douglas was a huge supporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

“The Bloody Shirt”

A

May 1856, Preston Brooks (SC) attacked Charles Sumner (Mass.) over his criticism of slavery in the South in Congress. Brooks was hardly punished but Sumner later got revenge with his “State Suicide” theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Dred Scott Case

A

1857 - Scott was a slave who moved into a free state, then back into a slave state. Asked for freedom
- Court decided negroes were never intended to be citizens, only property
- Said Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
- Caused many to switch to Rep party, Lincoln probs wouldn’t have won without it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

A
  • 1858
  • Lincoln: No slavery expansion into territories
  • Douglas: Freeport Doctrine - Popular sovereignty & people will decide no matter what government does
24
Q

Harper’s Ferry/John Brown

A
  • Radical & violent abolitionist, became a martyr to the north
  • Harper’s Ferry - Tried to steal guns from an army supplier to give to slaves and start a revolution, further split north & south
25
Q

James Buchanan

A

One of the “Do-Nothing Trio” presidents
- 1857-1861
- Northerner but sympathized with south (Doughface nickname)
- “I would rather do nothing than do something wrong”

26
Q

Election of 1860

A
  • Abraham Lincoln vs. 3 Democratic nominees since the party was split on slavery, Lincoln won
  • Republicans: Abolishing slavery in territories
  • Democrats: Threatened to break away if Lincoln won
    Lincoln didn’t campaign, just published Lincoln-Douglas Debate speeches
  • Lincoln would have won even without the split bc he won the North
27
Q

Confederate States of America

A
  • Started with 7, then grew to 11
  • Dissolved union with rest of US in Feb. 1861
  • Capital was Montgomery, Alabama then Richmond, Virginia
  • Jefferson Davis was president
  • Strong military leadership, home field advantage, high morale
  • Weak infrastructure, small food supply, confusion about government power
  • War of attrition (Make them give up)
28
Q

Union War Strategy & Lincoln’s Objective

A

Anaconda Plan
- Naval blockade of Southern ports
- Control of Mississippi River
- Divide South into smaller areas
Lincoln’s objective started as preserving the Union but shifted into freeing slaves

29
Q

1st Battle of Bull Run

A
  • First major battle
  • Lincoln forced Union troops out of DC because their contracts were going to expire
  • South forced North to retreat
  • Citizens came to watch the battle
30
Q

Monitor vs. Merrimack Battle

A

AKA Battle of the Ironclads
- March 1862
- USS Monitor (Nouth) vs CSS Virginia/USS Merrimack (South)
- Came to a draw
- Changed naval warfare worldwide

31
Q

Battle of Antietam

A
  • Sept. 16, 1862
  • Single bloodiest day in US history
  • South was forced to retreat, stopped their move toward Washington DC
  • Possibly prevented England from entering the war on the South’s behalf
  • Lincoln used the win as a chance to announce the Emancipation Proclamation (directly tied)
32
Q

Emancipation Proclamation

A

Announced Jan. 1, 1863
- From President Lincoln
- Freed slaves in the rebel states
- Did NOT end slavery but refocused the war from preserving the Union to abolishing slavery

33
Q

Battle of Gettysburg

A

July 1-3, 1862
- One turning point of the war
- Confederate General Lee’s biggest mistake of the war was Pickett’s charge
- Lee assumed middle was weak & charged, forced South to retreat
- Halted invasion of Pennsylvania

34
Q

Siege of Vicksburg

A

May-July, 1863
- One turning point of the war
- Confederates surrendered after a long siege
- Gave Union control of Mississippi River
- Made US Grant a national hero
- Moment where “anaconda” constricted

35
Q

Sherman’s March to the Sea

A

Summer-Fall, 1864
- Union troops went from Tennessee to Atlanta to Savannah, GA
- First time total war or hard war was employed (burning/destroying everything)
- Guaranteed Lincoln’s reelection

36
Q

Appomattox Courthouse

A

Where Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Union General US Grant
- End of the Civil War - April 9, 1865

37
Q

Assassination of Lincoln

A

April 15, 1865
- John Wilkes Booth, with co-conspirators as part of a plan to kill other officials
- Goal was to send North into chaos & restart Civil War (ended up being BAD for south)
- Happened in Ford’s Theater

38
Q

Results of war

A

Led to the Reconstruction period
- Showed the importance of a strong & united central government

39
Q

Presidential Plan (Lincoln & Johnson)

A

AKA 10% Plan
Lincoln: Proclamation of Amnesty & Reconstruction
- Replace majority rule with “loyalty rule” in South
- DId not consult Congress
- When 10% of voting pop. took loyalty oath, new govt would be recognized
- Pardoned all but top Confederate officers
Johnson:
- Kept leading Confederates from voting
- Pardoned rich people & returned land to plantation owners
- Republicans were outrages
Presidential vs. Congressional fight

40
Q

“Soft-glove” Approach

A

Refers to Lincoln & Johnson’s leniency with the South.
- Angered Radical Republicans

41
Q

Congressional Plan (“Radical Republicans”)

A

Wade-Davis Bill
- Required 50% of Southern voters to pledge their allegiance
- Required a state constitutional convention before election of state officials
- Protected certain freedmen’s liberties
- “State Suicide” Theory (Charles Sumner) - Get rid of Southern borders & rename states
- “Conquered Provinces” Position (Thaddeus Stevens) - Treat the South as another country, send Union soldiers
Presidential vs Congressional fight

42
Q

Tenure of Office Act

A
  • The President could not remove any officials (esp. Cabinet members) without Senate approval if the position originally required Senate approval
  • Designed to protect radical members of Lincoln’s govt
43
Q

Impeachment of Andrew Johnson

A
  • Johnson removed Sec. of War Edwin Stanton without Senate approval in Feb. 1868
  • Replaced Radical Reconstruction-sympathetic Generals
  • House impeached before drawing up charges, lost by one vote
  • Some members believed he was being impeached for political reasons only
44
Q

Main Reconstruction Questions

A
  • How to bring South back into Union?
  • How to rebuild South after war destruction?
  • How to integrate and protect newly freed black men?
  • What branch of government should control the process?`
45
Q

Thirteenth Amendment

A
  • December, 1865
  • Made slavery illegal except as a punishment for being arrested
  • Congress had the power to enforce
  • First of 3 Reconstruction-era amendments
46
Q

Fourteenth Amendment

A
  • July, 1868
  • Made ex-slaves citizens & promised constitutional protection of rights
  • Overturned Dred Scott decision
  • Southern states would be punished for denying black male citizens the right to vote
47
Q

Fifteenth Amendment

A
  • 1870
  • Allowed all male citizens the right to vote regardless of race or color
  • Loopholes allowed white leaders to get around it
  • Congress had the power to enforce
  • Women’s rights groups were furious women still could not vote
48
Q

Freedman’s Bureau

A
  • 1865
  • Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands
  • Federal agency that aimed to help freedpeople with economic, legal, esp educational services
  • Also helped those who lost houses in the war
  • Former northern abolitionists risked their lives to help southern freedmen, derogatorily called “carpetbaggers” by Southerners
49
Q

KKK

A

Formed by Tennessee veterans in 1865
- Led by General Nathan Bradford
- Aimed to restore white supremacy in South
- Used violence: Burned houses & churches, lynched black folk
- Were not stopped by state govts because many officials were involved
- Combatted & stopped by the Force Acts

50
Q

Black Codes/Jim Crow Laws

A

Racist laws passed in South to keep freedpeople close to slavery
- Aimed to guarantee a labor supply again & restore pre-emancipation system of race-relations
- Forced many blacks to become sharecroppers (Bad for economy)

51
Q

Carpetbaggers

A

Derogatory term used by white Southern Democrats to refer to northern migrants
- Believed they were only there to make money and not to help

52
Q

Scalawags

A

Derogatory term used for white Southerners who supported Reconstruction & were sympathetic to the North

53
Q

Sec. of State Seward/”Seward’s Icebox”

A

Alaska Purchase - 1867
- Bought from Russia for $7.2 million (lots of land, low price)
- Seward was ridiculed for the purchase of the “icebox”

54
Q

Election of 1876

A

Rutherford B. Hayes (Rep) vs Samuel Tilden (Dem)
- Hayes won, but was very close
- LA, FL, & SC sent both military and civilian voting info - led to 20 disputed votes
- Electoral Commission decided Hayes got the votes
- South was outrages & called it Corrupt Bargain II
- Led to Comp of 1876

55
Q

The “Compromise” of 1877

A

Due to Election of 1876
- Hayes agreed to end Reconstruction
- No document or legal process, just Hayes being nice to South

APUSH (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions