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Anatomy > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

1
Q

Division of the ear - anatomical and functional?

A 
Anatomical:
- outer, middle and inner
Functional: in temporal bone
- hearing via cochlea
- balance via semicircular canals
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2
Q

Name the 3 constituents of the outer ear?

A

Auricle
EAM and canal
Tympanic membrane

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3
Q

Name the 4 constituents of the middle ear?

A

Tympanic membrane
tymapnic cavity
Ossicles
Pharyngotympanic tube (auditory)

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4
Q

Name the 5 constituents of the inner ear?

A 
Cochlea
Semicircular canals
IAM
CN VIII
Oval and round window
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5
Q

Auricle - anatomy (5)? shape? innervation?

A 
Helix
Antihelix
Tragus
Antitragus
Pinna
Funnel shaped
Auriculotemporal (ant) and vagus (post)
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6
Q

EAM - function?

A

Funnels sound to the tympanic membrane

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7
Q

Tympanic membrane - function? innervation (2)?

A

Vibrates in response to sound waves and apsses vibarations to the malleus
CN IX and auriculotemporal (V3)

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8
Q

Mastoid antrum - location? function? pathway for infection?

A

Within mastoid part of temporal bone
Communicates with middle ear via aditus
From nose/mouth via pharyngotympanic tube to middle ear -> aditus -> antrum -> mastoid air cells, cerebellum, temporal lobe -> meningitis/brain abscess

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9
Q

Ossicles - function? name the 3 bones?

A

Pass vibrations from tympanic membrane to oval window
Malleus
Incus
Stapes

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10
Q

Malleus - shape? attachment? tensor tympani?

A

Hammer
attached to the tympanic membrane then to the incus
Tensor tympani attaches into the handle

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11
Q

Incus - shape? attachment?

A

Anvil

articulates with head of malleus and head of stapes

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12
Q

Stapes - shape? attachment?

A

Stirrup
articulates with the incus and the oval window
Stapedius attaches to the neck of the stapes

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13
Q

Tensor tympani - action? innervation?

A

Tenses tympanic membrane

Mandibular branch of V

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14
Q

Stapedius - action? innervation?

A

Pull footplate of stapes laterally

Facial nerve

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15
Q

Combined action of tensor tympani and stapedius?

A

Reduce vibration passing to inner ear

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16
Q

Auditory tube - connection? open when? action? sensory innveration?

A

Nasopharynx and tympanic cavity
Tensor tympani contracts
Equalises pressure from both sides of tympanic membrane
IX

17
Q

Chorda tympani - arises from? joins the? parasymph innervation to? special sensory inneravtion to?

A

Facial nerve
Lingual nerve
Sublingual and submandibular glands
Ant 2/3 tongue

18
Q

Bony labyrinths - definition? anatomy?

A

A system of canals filled with perilymph
Cochlea
vestibule
Semicircular canals

19
Q

Membranous labyrinths - definition? suspended in? contain?

A

Continuous system of ducts and sac inside the bony labyrinth
Perilymph
Endolymph

20
Q

Saccule continuous with?

A

Cochlea

21
Q

Utricle continuous with?

A

Semicircular ducts?

22
Q

Saccule and utricle house which receptor?

A

Balance receptors

Maculae

23
Q

Maculae respond to?

A

Pull of gravity and report changes of head position

24
Q

Semicircular canals - number? swelling?

A

3 anterior, posterior and lateral

Ampulla

25
Q

Ampullae - defintion? responds to? records?

A

Contain balance sensing area called ampullary crest
Responds to rotational movement of the head
Records endolymph movement

26
Q

Bony cochlea - shape? innervation? oval window?

A

Snail-shell shaped
CN VIII
Oval window covered by 2dary tympanic membrane to disperse sound

27
Q

Cochlear duct - definition? wave of hydraulic Pa?

A

Endolymph filled duct surrounded by 2 perilymph channels (scala vestibuli and scala tympani)
Travels from oval window up scale vestibuli to apex (helicotrema) and down the scala tympani

28
Q

Organ of Corti - located in? innervation? stimulation?

A

Basilar membrane overlied by the tectorial membrane
CN VIII
Deformation of cochlear duct induced Pa wave in perilymph stimulating hair cells in Organ

Anatomy (17 decks)

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