Larynx and Pharynx Flashcards
Name the 3 compartments of the pharynx?
Oropharynx
Nasopharynx
Laryngopharynx
Nasopharynx - function? pharyngeal tonsils? pharyngotympanic tube (connection?)
Respiratory
between tympanic cavity and nasopharynx
Oropharynx - function? soft palate? palatine tonsils?
Digestive
Tonsilitis
Name the constituents of Waldeyer’s ring?
Lingual tonsils
Adenoid tonsil
Palatine and tubal tonsils
Laryngopharynx - piriform fossa defintion?
Small depression of the cavity (foreign body trapping)
Name the 3 pharyngeal constrictors?
Superior
Middle
Inferior
Superior constrictor - action?
innervation?
Constricts upper part of pharynx during swallowing
Pharyngeal branch of Vagus
Middle constrictor - action? innervation?
Constricts the middle part of pharynx during swallowing
Pharyngeal branch of Vagus
Inferior constrictor - 2 parts? innervation?
Thyropharyngeus - constricts lower pharynx
Cricopharynx - oesophageal sphincter (prevents influx and reflux)
Pharyngeal branch of Vagus
Name the 3 internal layers of pharyngeal muscles?
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Stylopharynegus
Palatopharyngeus - action? innervation?
Pull pharynx up and forwards
Pharyngeal branch of Vagus
Salpingopharyngeus - action? innervation?
Elevate the pharynx
Pharyngeal branch of Vagus
Stylopharyngeus - action? innervation?
Elevate the pharynx
Glossopharyngeal
Name the 4 stages of swallowing and the associated muscles?
I and II muscles of the tongue and soft palate
III soft palate elevates, pharynx widens and elevates the larynx
IV contraction of all the 3 constrictor muscles
Gag reflex - afferent and efferent limb innervation?
Afferent sensory: X
Efferent motor: IX
Larynx - function?
Respiratory and speech
Name the structures of the larynx?
Thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage Hyoid bone Arytenoid cartilage Corniculate cartilage Vocal folds
Name the vocal apparatus of the larynx?
Glottis
Vocal folds and vestibular folds?
True
Fasle
Forced inspiration - what occurs?
Vocal folds abducted and rima glottidis wide open
Vestibule open
Phonation - what occurs?
Vocal folds adducted and stridulating as air is forced between them
Vestibule open
Effort closure - what occurs?
Vocal folds and vestibular folds adducted
Rima glottidis and vestibule closed
Swallowing - what occurs?
Laryngeal inlet and epiglottis swings down to arytenoids
Sensory and motor supply of the larynx?
Sensory: - internal laryngeal above vocal cords - recurrent laryngeal below vocal cords Motor: - All intrinsic supplied by recurrent laryngeal (except cricothyroid)
Name the 6 Intrinsic muscles of the larynx?
Aryepiglotticus muscle Oblique and transverse arytenoid muscles Posterior cricoarytenoid Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle Thyroarytenoid muscle Cricothyroid muscle (external laryngeal)
