Drugs to treat skin cancer Flashcards

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1
Q

Actinic Keratosis is treated with?

A

An NSAID and a TCA

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2
Q

Cisplatin is most likely to be used against

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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3
Q

What is used to treat melanoma

A

“D” drugs- used against melanoma, as is vinblastine or a mustine (carmustine or lomustine)

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4
Q

3 Primary types of skin cancer are?

A

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma

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5
Q

The cause of mortality in skin cancer is

A

metastatic disease. If treated early, most skin cancer is cured

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6
Q

What are the most common sites of metastases in skin cancer?

A

Intestines, lung, brain.

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7
Q

Standard treatment of Basal cell carcinoma is

A

If the disease is localized, topical flourouracil and/or Imiquimod may be used. If the disease is advanced or metastatic, cisplatin is most effective. Vismodegib is a drug that interferes with the hedgehog pathway and has just been approved for use in BSC.

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8
Q

What is Imiquimod’s MOA

A

Its an immune response initiator, can activate Toll-like receptors, Its also an adenosine receptor blcker. Its also used for actinic keratosis and HPV

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9
Q

Side effects of Imiquimod?

A

Increased photosensitivity, Can alter birth control function when used for HPV (screws up condoms and diaphragms)

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10
Q

What the hell is hedgehog signaling

A

It is important for embryogenesis an dorgan maturation. It is very active during childhood when organs are developing but b adulthood it is quiet exceot in some instances of tissue repair.

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11
Q

Hedgehog pathway has been shown to be reactivated in Basal cell carcinoma, the consequence of this signaling incliudes:

A

Upregulatin of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, indection of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoitins which regulate angiogenesis

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12
Q

What is the significance of the HH pathway being Ligand independent?

A

Clinical inhibitors must act at or below the level of the SMO protein in order to be effective. Acting at the HH binding site is ineffective.f

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13
Q

Vismodegib is what

A

An oral SMO protein inhibitor

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14
Q

Vismodegib Side effects

A

Intrauterine fetal deaths and severe birth defects. Male and female patients must practice birth control. Must be on for 7 mos after last dose. No blood donations for 7 mos after last dose.
Most common side effect is allopecia

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15
Q

What is the standard treatment of squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Surgery and radiation. No drugs

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16
Q

Interferon Alpha side effects

A

worsening of pre-existing AI disease, Cardiac dysfunction, Depression and suicide

Flu and flu like symptoms most common